Class: CollectingEvent

Inherits:

Object
ActiveRecord::Base
ApplicationRecord
CollectingEvent

show all

Includes:: Housekeeping, Shared::Citations, Shared::Confidences, Shared::DataAttributes, Shared::Depictions, Shared::Documentation, Shared::HasPapertrail, Shared::HasRoles, Shared::Identifiers, Shared::IsData, Shared::Labels, Shared::Notes, Shared::Tags, SoftValidation

Defined in:: app/models/collecting_event.rb

Overview

A collecting event describes how something (e.g. a CollectionObject) was aquired. It is the unique combination of who, where, when, and how.

Constant Summary collapse

NEARBY_DISTANCE =

Constants included from SoftValidation

SoftValidation::ANCESTORS_WITH_SOFT_VALIDATIONS

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

#cached ⇒ String

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents the provided uncertainty value.
#cached_level0_geographic_name ⇒ String^?

The auto-calculated level0 (= country in TaxonWorks) value drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied.
#cached_level1_geographic_name ⇒ String^?

The auto-calculated level1 (typically state/province) value drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied.
#cached_level2_geographic_name ⇒ String^?

The auto-calculated level2 value (e.g. county) drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied.
#document_label ⇒ String

A print-ready expanded/clarified version of a verbatim_label intended to clarify interpretation of that label.
#elevation_precision ⇒ String

A float, in meters.
#end_date_day ⇒ Integer

The date of the month the collecting event ended on.
#end_date_month ⇒ Integer

The month, from 0-12, that the collecting event ended on.
#end_date_year ⇒ Integer

The four digit year, end of the collecting event.
#field_notes ⇒ String

Any/all field notes that this collecting event was derived from, or that supplement this collecting event.
#formation ⇒ String^?

Formation sensu PBDB.
#geographic_area_id ⇒ Integer

The finest geo-political unit that this collecting event can be localized to, can be used for gross georeferencing when Georeference not available.
#group ⇒ String^?

Member sensu PBDB.
#lithology ⇒ String^?

Lithology sensu PBDB.
#max_ma ⇒ Decimal^?

Max_ma (million years) sensu PBDB.
#maximum_elevation ⇒ String

A float, in meters.
#md5_of_verbatim_label ⇒ String

Application defined, an index to the verbatim label.
#member ⇒ String^?

Member sensu PBDB.
#min_ma ⇒ Decimal^?

Min_ma (million years) sensu PBDB.
#minimum_elevation ⇒ String

A float, in meters.
#no_cached ⇒ Boolean

When true, cached values are not built.
#no_dwc_occurrence ⇒ Boolean

When true, will not rebuild dwc_occurrence index.
#print_label ⇒ String

A print-formatted ready representation of this collecting event.
#project_id ⇒ Integer

the project ID.
#start_date_day ⇒ Integer

The day of the month the collecting event started on.
#start_date_month ⇒ Integer

The month, from 0-12, that the collecting event started on.
#start_date_year ⇒ Integer

The four digit year, start of the collecting event.
#time_end_hour ⇒ Integer

0-23.
#time_end_minute ⇒ Integer

0-59.
#time_end_second ⇒ Integer

0-59.
#time_start_hour ⇒ Integer

0-23.
#time_start_minute ⇒ Integer

0-59.
#time_start_second ⇒ Integer

0-59.
#verbatim_collectors ⇒ String

The literal string that indicates the collectors, typically taken right off the label.
#verbatim_date ⇒ String

The string representation, typically as taken from the label, of the date.
#verbatim_datum ⇒ String
#verbatim_elevation ⇒ String

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents all elevation data (min/max/precision) as recorded there.
#verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty ⇒ String

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents the provided uncertainty value.
#verbatim_habitat ⇒ String

A literal string, typically taken from the printed label, tha represents assertions about the habitat.
#verbatim_label ⇒ String

A verbatim representation of label that defined this collecting event, typically, but not exclusively, used for retroactive data capture.
#verbatim_latitude ⇒ String

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents the latitude.
#verbatim_locality ⇒ String

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents the locality, including any modifiers (2 mi NE).
#verbatim_longitude ⇒ String

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents the longitude.
#verbatim_method ⇒ String

The literal string that indicates the collecting method, typically taken right off the label.
#verbatim_trip_identifier ⇒ String

The literal string/identifier used by the collector(s) to identify this particular collecting event, usually part of a series particular to one trip.
#with_verbatim_data_georeference ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute with_verbatim_data_georeference.

Class Method Summary collapse

.contained_within(geographic_item) ⇒ Scope

TODO: use joins(:geographic_items).where(containing scope), simplied to.
.filter_by(params) ⇒ Scope

TODO: deprecate for lib/queries/collecting_event.
.in_date_range(search_start_date: nil, search_end_date: nil, partial_overlap: 'on') ⇒ Scope

TODO: remove all of this for direct call to Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter.
.not_including(collecting_events) ⇒ Scope

TODO: DRY, use general form of this.
.select_optimized(user_id, project_id) ⇒ Object

Scopes.

Instance Method Summary collapse

#all_geographic_items ⇒ Scope

All geographic_items associated with this collecting_event through georeferences only.
#build_verbatim_geographic_item ⇒ GeographicItem^?

A GeographicItem instance representing a translation of the verbatim values, not saved.
#cache_geographic_names(values = {}, tried = false) ⇒ Object
#cached_geographic_name_classification ⇒ Object
#cached_level0_name ⇒ Object
#check_date_range ⇒ Object protected
#check_elevation_range ⇒ Object protected
#check_ma_range ⇒ Object protected
#check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty ⇒ Object protected
#clone ⇒ CollectingEvent

The instance may not be valid!.
#collecting_events_contained_in_error ⇒ Scope

Find other CEs that have GRs whose GIs or EGIs are contained in the EGI.
#collecting_events_intersecting_with ⇒ Scope

Find all (other) CEs which have GIs or EGIs (through georeferences) which intersect self.
#collecting_events_within_radius_of(distance) ⇒ Scope
#collector_names ⇒ String^?

yes, it's a Helper.
#containing_geographic_items ⇒ Array of GeographicItems containing this target

GeographicItems are those that contain either the georeference or, if there are none, the geographic area.
#counties_hash ⇒ Hash

returns either: ( => [GAs] or [=> [GAs], => [GAs]]) one hash, consisting of a county name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs), which are county_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE.
#countries_hash ⇒ Hash
#country_name ⇒ String
#county_or_equivalent_name ⇒ String (also: #county_name)
#date_range ⇒ Array

Date_start and end if provided.
#distance_to(geographic_item_id) ⇒ String

See how far away we are from another gi.
#end_date ⇒ Time

This is for the purposes of computation, not display!.
#end_date_string ⇒ String^?

An umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??.
#generate_verbatim_data_georeference(reference_self = false, no_cached: false) ⇒ Georeference::VerbatimData, false

CollectingEvent.select {|d| !(d.verbatim_latitude.nil? || d.verbatim_longitude.nil?)} .select {|ce| ce.georeferences.empty?}.
#geographic_area_default_geographic_item ⇒ GeographicItem^?

Returns the geographic_item corresponding to the geographic area, if provided.
#geographic_name_classification ⇒ Hash

Classifies this collecting event into country, state, county categories.
#geographic_name_classification_method ⇒ Symbol^?

Determines (prioritizes) the method to be used to decided the geographic name classification (string labels for country, state, county) for this collecting_event.
#geolocate_attributes ⇒ Hash

rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys.
#geolocate_ui_params ⇒ Hash

A complete set of params necessary to form a request string.
#geolocate_ui_params_string ⇒ String
#georeference_latitude ⇒ Object
#georeference_longitude ⇒ Object
#get_error_radius ⇒ Integer

@TODO: See Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(String).
#get_geographic_name_classification ⇒ Object
#has_cached_geographic_names? ⇒ Boolean
#has_collectors? ⇒ Boolean
#has_data? ⇒ Boolean
#has_end_date? ⇒ Boolean

Has a fully defined date.
#has_some_date? ⇒ Boolean
#has_start_date? ⇒ Boolean

Has a fully defined date.
#lat_long_source ⇒ Symbol^?

Prioritizes and identifies the source of the latitude/longitude values that will be calculated for DWCA and primary display.
#latitude ⇒ Object
#level0_name ⇒ Object
#level1_name ⇒ Object
#level2_name ⇒ Object
#longitude ⇒ Object
#map_center ⇒ Rgeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl^?
#map_center_method ⇒ Symbol^?

The name of the method that will return an Rgeo object that represent the “preferred” centroid for this collecting event.
#name_from_geopolitical_hash(name_hash) ⇒ String
#name_hash(types) ⇒ Hash

or [=> [GAs], => [GAs]] ) one hash, consisting of a country name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs), which are country_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE.
#names ⇒ Object
#nearest_by_levenshtein(compared_string = nil, column = 'verbatim_locality', limit = 10) ⇒ Scope

DEPRECATED for shared code.
#next_without_georeference ⇒ CollectingEvent

Return the next collecting event without a georeference in this collecting events project sort order 1.
#set_cached ⇒ Object protected
#set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank ⇒ Object protected
#similar_lat_longs(lat, long, project_id, piece = '', include_values = true) ⇒ Scope

Of matching collecting events TODO: deprecate.
#some_end_date? ⇒ Boolean
#some_start_date? ⇒ Boolean
#start_date ⇒ Time

This is for the purposes of computation, not display!.
#start_date_string ⇒ String^?

An umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??.
#state_name ⇒ String
#state_or_province_name ⇒ String
#states_hash ⇒ Hash

returns either: ( => [GAs] or [=> [GAs], => [GAs]]) one hash, consisting of a state name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs), which are state_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE.
#sv_georeference_matches_verbatim ⇒ Object protected
#sv_minimally_check_for_a_label ⇒ Object protected
#time_end ⇒ String

Like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00.
#time_range ⇒ Array

Time_start and end if provided.
#time_start ⇒ String

Like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00.
#to_geo_json_feature ⇒ GeoJSON::Feature

The first geographic item of the first georeference on this collecting event.
#to_simple_json_feature ⇒ Object

TODO: parametrize to include gazeteer i.e.
#update_dwc_occurrences ⇒ Object
#verbatim_center_coordinates ⇒ String

Coordinates for centering a Google map.
#verbatim_map_center(delta_z = 0.0) ⇒ RGeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl^?

For the verbatim latitude/longitude only.

Instance Attribute Details

#cached ⇒ `String`

A string, typically sliced from verbatim_label, that represents the provided uncertainty value.

Returns:

(String)

# File 'app/models/collecting_event.rb', line 179

class CollectingEvent < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::DataAttributes
  include Shared::HasRoles
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::Depictions
  include Shared::Labels
  include Shared::Confidences
  include Shared::Documentation
  include Shared::HasPapertrail
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  ignore_whitespace_on(:document_label, :verbatim_label, :print_label)

  NEARBY_DISTANCE = 5000

  attr_accessor :with_verbatim_data_georeference

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   When true, will not rebuild dwc_occurrence index.
  #   See also Shared::IsDwcOccurrence
  attr_accessor :no_dwc_occurrence

  # @return [Boolean]
  #  When true, cached values are not built
  attr_accessor :no_cached

  # handle_asynchronously :update_dwc_occurrences, run_at: Proc.new { 20.seconds.from_now }

  belongs_to :geographic_area, inverse_of: :collecting_events

  has_one :accession_provider_role, class_name: 'AccessionProvider', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :deaccession_recipient_role, class_name: 'DeaccessionRecipient', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :verbatim_data_georeference, class_name: 'Georeference::VerbatimData'
  has_one :preferred_georeference, -> { order(:position) }, class_name: 'Georeference', foreign_key: :collecting_event_id

  has_many :collection_objects, inverse_of: :collecting_event, dependent: :restrict_with_error
  has_many :collector_roles, class_name: 'Collector', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_many :collectors, through: :collector_roles, source: :person, inverse_of: :collecting_events
  has_many :dwc_occurrences, through: :collection_objects
  has_many :georeferences, dependent: :destroy, inverse_of: :collecting_event
  has_many :error_geographic_items, through: :georeferences, source: :error_geographic_item
  has_many :geographic_items, through: :georeferences # See also all_geographic_items, the union
  has_many :geo_locate_georeferences, class_name: '::Georeference::GeoLocate', dependent: :destroy
  has_many :gpx_georeferences, class_name: 'Georeference::GPX', dependent: :destroy

  has_many :otus, through: :collection_objects

  after_create do
    if with_verbatim_data_georeference
      generate_verbatim_data_georeference(true)
    end
  end

  before_save :set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank

  after_save :cache_geographic_names, if: -> { !no_cached && saved_change_to_attribute?(:geographic_area_id) }
  after_save :set_cached, unless: -> { no_cached }
  after_save :update_dwc_occurrences , unless: -> { no_dwc_occurrence }

  def update_dwc_occurrences
    # reload is required!
    if collection_objects.count < 40
      collection_objects.reload.each do |o|
        o.set_dwc_occurrence
      end
    end
  end

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :verbatim_data_georeference
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :geo_locate_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :gpx_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :collectors, :collector_roles, allow_destroy: true

  validate :check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty,
           :check_date_range,
           :check_elevation_range,
           :check_ma_range

  validates_uniqueness_of :md5_of_verbatim_label, scope: [:project_id], unless: -> { verbatim_label.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_longitude, if: -> { !verbatim_latitude.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_latitude, if: -> { !verbatim_longitude.blank? }

  validates :geographic_area, presence: true, allow_nil: true

  validates :time_start_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_start_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_start_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_start_minute, if: -> { !self.time_start_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_start_hour, if: -> { !self.time_start_minute.blank? }

  validates :time_end_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_end_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_end_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_end_minute, if: -> { !self.time_end_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_end_hour, if: -> { !self.time_end_minute.blank? }

  validates :start_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}
  validates :end_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}

  validates :start_date_month, date_month: true
  validates :end_date_month, date_month: true

  validates_presence_of :start_date_month, if: -> { !start_date_day.nil? }
  validates_presence_of :end_date_month, if: -> { !end_date_day.nil? }

  validates :end_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :end_date_year, month_sym: :end_date_month},
            unless: -> { end_date_year.nil? || end_date_month.nil? }

  validates :start_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :start_date_year, month_sym: :start_date_month},
    unless: -> { start_date_year.nil? || start_date_month.nil? }

  soft_validate(:sv_minimally_check_for_a_label)
  soft_validate(:sv_georeference_matches_verbatim, set: :georeference)

  # @param [String]
  def verbatim_label=(value)
    write_attribute(:verbatim_label, value)
    write_attribute(:md5_of_verbatim_label, Utilities::Strings.generate_md5(value))
  end

  scope :used_recently, -> { joins(:collection_objects).includes(:collection_objects).where(collection_objects: { created_at: 1.weeks.ago..Time.now } ).order('"collection_objects"."created_at" DESC') }
  scope :used_in_project, -> (project_id) { joins(:collection_objects).where( collection_objects: { project_id: project_id } ) }

  class << self

    #
    # Scopes
    #

    def select_optimized(user_id, project_id)
      h = {
        recent: (CollectingEvent.used_in_project(project_id)
          .where(collection_objects: {updated_by_id: user_id})
          .used_recently
          .distinct
          .limit(5)
          .order(:cached)
          .to_a +
        CollectingEvent.where(project_id: project_id, updated_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now).limit(5).to_a).uniq,
        pinboard: CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a
      }

      h[:quick] = (CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a  +
          h[:recent]).uniq
      h
    end

    # @param [GeographicItem] geographic_item
    # @return [Scope]
    # TODO: use joins(:geographic_items).where(containing scope), simplied to
    def contained_within(geographic_item)
      CollectingEvent.joins(:geographic_items).where(GeographicItem.contained_by_where_sql(geographic_item.id))
    end

    # @param [CollectingEvent Scope] collecting_events
    # @return [Scope] without self (if included)
    # TODO: DRY, use general form of this
    def not_including(collecting_events)
      where.not(id: collecting_events)
    end

    #
    # Other
    #

    # @param [String] search_start_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] search_end_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] partial_overlap 'on' or 'off'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting events
    # TODO: remove all of this for direct call to Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter
    def in_date_range(search_start_date: nil, search_end_date: nil, partial_overlap: 'on')
      allow_partial = (partial_overlap.downcase == 'off' ? false : true)
      q = Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter.new(start_date: search_start_date, end_date: search_end_date, partial_overlap_dates: allow_partial)
      where(q.between_date_range.to_sql).distinct # TODO: uniq should likely not be here
    end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params in the style Rails of 'params'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting_events
    # TODO: deprecate for lib/queries/collecting_event
    def filter_by(params)
      sql_string = ''
      unless params.blank? # not strictly necessary, but handy for debugging
        sql_string = Utilities::Dates.date_sql_from_params(params)

        # processing text data
        v_locality_fragment = params['verbatim_locality_text']
        any_label_fragment  = params['any_label_text']
        id_fragment = params['identifier_text']

        prefix = ''
        unless v_locality_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = ' and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }verbatim_locality ilike '%#{v_locality_fragment}%'"
        end
        prefix = ''
        unless any_label_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = 'and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }(verbatim_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or print_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or document_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += ')'
        end

        unless id_fragment.blank?
          # @todo this still needs to be dealt with
        end

      end
      # find the records
      if sql_string.blank?
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.none
      else
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.where(sql_string).distinct
      end

      collecting_events
    end
  end # end Class methods

  # @param [String] lat
  # @param [String] long
  # @param [String] piece
  # @param [Integer] project_id
  # @param [Boolean] include_values true if to include records whicgh already have verbatim lat/longs
  # @return [Scope] of matching collecting events
  #   TODO: deprecate
  def similar_lat_longs(lat, long, project_id, piece = '', include_values = true)
    sql = '('
    sql += "verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(lat)}%'" unless lat.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(long)}%'" unless long.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(piece)}%'" unless piece.blank?
    sql += ')'
    sql += ' and (verbatim_latitude is null or verbatim_longitude is null)' unless include_values

    retval = CollectingEvent.where(sql)
      .with_project_id(project_id)
      .order(:id)
      .where.not(id: id).distinct
    retval
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_data?
    CollectingEvent.data_attributes.each do |a|
      return true unless self.send(a).blank?
    end
    return true if georeferences.any?
    false
  end

  def has_some_date?
    !verbatim_date.blank? || some_start_date? || some_end_date?
  end

  def has_collectors?
    !verbatim_collectors.blank? || collectors.any?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_start_date?
    !start_date_day.blank? && !start_date_month.blank? && !start_date_year.blank?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_end_date?
    !end_date_day.blank? && !end_date_month.blank? && !end_date_year.blank?
  end

  def some_start_date?
    [start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  def some_end_date?
    [end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def start_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(start_date_year, start_date_month, start_date_day) if some_start_date?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def end_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(end_date_year, end_date_month, end_date_day) if some_end_date?
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def end_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year)
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def start_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_start
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_start_hour, time_start_minute, time_start_second)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_end
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_end_hour, time_end_minute, time_end_second)
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   time_start and end if provided
  def time_range
    [time_start, time_end].compact
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   date_start and end if provided
  def date_range
    [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact
  end

  # CollectingEvent.select {|d| !(d.verbatim_latitude.nil? || d.verbatim_longitude.nil?)}
  # .select {|ce| ce.georeferences.empty?}
  # @param [Boolean] reference_self
  # @param [Boolean] no_cached
  # @return [Georeference::VerbatimData, false]
  #   generates (creates) a Georeference::VerbatimReference from verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude values
  def generate_verbatim_data_georeference(reference_self = false, no_cached: false)
    return false if (verbatim_latitude.nil? || verbatim_longitude.nil?)
    begin
      CollectingEvent.transaction do
        vg_attributes = {collecting_event_id: id.to_s, no_cached: no_cached}
        vg_attributes.merge!(by: creator.id, project_id: project_id) if reference_self
        a = Georeference::VerbatimData.new(vg_attributes)
        if a.valid?
          a.save
        end
        return a
      end
    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid # TODO: rescue only something!!
      raise
    end
    false
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #    a GeographicItem instance representing a translation of the verbatim values, not saved
  def build_verbatim_geographic_item
    if self.verbatim_latitude && self.verbatim_longitude && !self.new_record?
      local_latitude  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude)
      local_longitude = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude)
      elev            = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation).to_f
      point           = Gis::FACTORY.point(local_latitude, local_longitude, elev)
      GeographicItem.new(point: point)
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  # @return [Integer]
  # @todo figure out how to convert verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty in different units (ft, m, km, mi) into meters
  # @TODO: See Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(String)
  def get_error_radius
    return nil if verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank?
    return verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.to_i if is.number?(verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  #   all geographic_items associated with this collecting_event through georeferences only
  def all_geographic_items
    GeographicItem.
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g2 ON geographic_items.id = g2.error_geographic_item_id').
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g1 ON geographic_items.id = g1.geographic_item_id').
      where(['(g1.collecting_event_id = ? OR g2.collecting_event_id = ?) AND (g1.geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL OR g2.error_geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL)', self.id, self.id])
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #  returns the geographic_item corresponding to the geographic area, if provided
  def geographic_area_default_geographic_item
    try(:geographic_area).try(:default_geographic_item)
  end

  # @param [GeographicItem]
  # @return [String]
  #   see how far away we are from another gi
  def distance_to(geographic_item_id)
    GeographicItem.distance_between(preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id, geographic_item_id)
  end

  # @param [Double] distance in meters
  # @return [Scope]
  def collecting_events_within_radius_of(distance)
    return CollectingEvent.none if !preferred_georeference
    geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id
    # geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.try(:geographic_item_id)
    # geographic_item_id = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: id).first.geographic_item_id if geographic_item_id.nil?
    CollectingEvent.not_self(self)
      .joins(:geographic_items)
      .where(GeographicItem.within_radius_of_item_sql(geographic_item_id, distance))
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find all (other) CEs which have GIs or EGIs (through georeferences) which intersect self
  def collecting_events_intersecting_with
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.intersecting('any', self.geographic_items.first).distinct
    gr     = [] # all collecting events for a geographic_item

    pieces.each { |o|
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo change 'id in (?)' to some other sql construct
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: gr.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find other CEs that have GRs whose GIs or EGIs are contained in the EGI

  def collecting_events_contained_in_error
    # find all the GIs and EGIs associated with CEs
    # TODO: this will be impossibly slow in present form
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.to_a

    me = self.error_geographic_items.first.geo_object
    gi = []
    # collect all the GIs which are within the EGI
    pieces.each { |o|
      gi.push(o) if o.geo_object.within?(me)
    }
    # collect all the CEs which refer to these GIs
    ce = []
    gi.each { |o|
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo Directly map this
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: ce.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # DEPRECATED for shared code
  # @param [String, String, Integer]
  # @return [Scope]
  def nearest_by_levenshtein(compared_string = nil, column = 'verbatim_locality', limit = 10)
    return CollectingEvent.none if compared_string.nil?
    order_str = CollectingEvent.send(:sanitize_sql_for_conditions, ["levenshtein(collecting_events.#{column}, ?)", compared_string])
    CollectingEvent.where('id <> ?', id.to_s).
      order(Arel.sql(order_str)).
      limit(limit)
  end

  # @param [String]
  #   one or more names from GeographicAreaType
  # @return [Hash]
  #    (
  #    {'name' => [GAs]}
  #   or
  #   [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}]
  #   )
  #     one hash, consisting of a country name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #     an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #     which are country_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @todo this needs more work, possibily direct AREL table manipulation.
  def name_hash(types)
    retval  = {}
    gi_list = containing_geographic_items

    # there are a few ways we can end up with no GIs
    # unless gi_list.nil? # no references GeographicAreas or Georeferences at all, or
    unless gi_list.empty? # no available GeographicItems to test
      # map the resulting GIs to their corresponding GAs
      # pieces  = GeographicItem.where(id: gi_list.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
      # pieces = gi_list
      ga_list = GeographicArea.joins(:geographic_area_type, :geographic_areas_geographic_items).
        where(geographic_area_types: {name: types},
              geographic_areas_geographic_items: {geographic_item_id: gi_list}).distinct

      # WAS: now find all of the GAs which have the same names as the ones we collected.

      # map the names to an array of results
      ga_list.each { |i|
        retval[i.name] ||= [] # if we haven't come across this name yet, set it to point to a blank array
        retval[i.name].push i # we now have at least a blank array, push the result into it
      }
    end
    # end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #   classifies this collecting event into country, state, county categories
  def geographic_name_classification
    # if names are stored in the database, and the the geographic_area_id has not changed
    if has_cached_geographic_names? && !geographic_area_id_changed?
      return cached_geographic_name_classification
    else
      r = get_geographic_name_classification
      cache_geographic_names(r, true)
    end
  end

  def get_geographic_name_classification
    case geographic_name_classification_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      # quick
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.quick_geographic_name_hierarchy # almost never the case, UI not setup to do this
      # slow
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {} # therefor defaults to slow
    when :geographic_area_with_shape # geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification # do not round trip to the geographic_item, it just points back to the geographic area
      # slow
      r = geographic_area.default_geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {}
    when :geographic_area # elsif geographic_area
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification
    when :verbatim_map_center # elsif map_center
      # slowest
      r = GeographicItem.point_inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy(verbatim_map_center)
    end
    r ||= {}
    r
  end

  def has_cached_geographic_names?
    cached_geographic_name_classification != {}
  end

  def cached_geographic_name_classification
    h = {}
    h[:country] = cached_level0_geographic_name if cached_level0_geographic_name
    h[:state] = cached_level1_geographic_name if cached_level1_geographic_name
    h[:county] = cached_level2_geographic_name if cached_level2_geographic_name
    h
  end

  def cache_geographic_names(values = {}, tried = false)
    # prevent a second call to get if we've already tried through
    values = get_geographic_name_classification if values.empty? && !tried
    return {} if values.empty?
    update_columns(
      cached_level0_geographic_name: values[:country],
      cached_level1_geographic_name: values[:state],
      cached_level2_geographic_name: values[:county]
    )
    values
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   determines (prioritizes) the method to be used to decided the geographic name classification
  #   (string labels for country, state, county) for this collecting_event.
  def geographic_name_classification_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference
    return :geographic_area_with_shape if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center
    nil
  end

  # @return [Array of GeographicItems containing this target]
  #   GeographicItems are those that contain either the georeference or, if there are none,
  #   the geographic area
  def containing_geographic_items
    gi_list = []
    if self.georeferences.any?
      # gather all the GIs which contain this GI or EGI
      #
      #  Struck EGI, EGI must contain GI, therefor anything that contains EGI contains GI, threfor containing GI will always be the bigger set
      #   !! and there was no tests broken
      # GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_items.to_a).pluck(:id).uniq
      gi_list = GeographicItem.containing(*geographic_items.pluck(:id)).pluck(:id).uniq

    else
      # use geographic_area only if there are no GIs or EGIs
      unless self.geographic_area.nil?
        # unless self.geographic_area.geographic_items.empty?
        # we need to use the geographic_area directly
        gi_list = GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_area.geographic_items).pluck(:id).uniq
        # end
      end
    end
    gi_list
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  def countries_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTRY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a state name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are state_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def states_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::STATE_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a county name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are county_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def counties_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # @param [Hash]
  # @return [String]
  def name_from_geopolitical_hash(name_hash)
    return nil if name_hash.keys.count == 0
    return name_hash.keys.first if name_hash.keys.count == 1
    most_key   = nil
    most_count = 0
    name_hash.keys.sort.each do |k| # alphabetically first (keys are unordered)
      if name_hash[k].size > most_count
        most_count = name_hash[k].size
        most_key   = k
      end
    end
    most_key
  end

  # @return [String]
  def country_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(countries_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_or_province_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(states_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_name
    state_or_province_name
  end

  # @return [String]
  def county_or_equivalent_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(counties_hash)
  end

  alias county_name county_or_equivalent_name

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   prioritizes and identifies the source of the latitude/longitude values that
  #   will be calculated for DWCA and primary display
  def lat_long_source
    if preferred_georeference
      :georeference
    elsif verbatim_latitude && verbatim_longitude
      :verbatim
    elsif geographic_area && geographic_area.has_shape?
      :geographic_area
    else
      nil
    end
  end

=begin

# @todo @mjy: please fill in any other paths you can think of for the acquisition of information for the seven below listed items
  ce.georeference.geographic_item.centroid
  ce.georeference.error_geographic_item.centroid
  ce.verbatim_georeference
  ce.preferred_georeference
  ce.georeference.first
  ce.verbatim_lat/ee.verbatim_lng
  ce.verbatim_locality
  ce.geographic_area.geographic_item.centroid

  There are a number of items we can try to get data for to complete the geolocate parameter string:

  'country' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.country_name

  'state' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.state_or_province_name

  'county' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.county_or_equivalent_name

  'locality' can come from:
    ce.verbatim_locality

  'Latitude', 'Longitude' can come from:
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.error_geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicArea through ce.geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus

  'Placename' can come from:
    ? Copy of 'locality'
=end

  # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
  # @return [Hash]
  #   parameters from collecting event that are of use to geolocate
  def geolocate_attributes
    parameters = {
      'country'   => country_name,
      'state'     => state_or_province_name,
      'county'    => county_or_equivalent_name,
      'locality'  => verbatim_locality,
      'Placename' => verbatim_locality,
    }

    focus = case lat_long_source
            when :georeference
              preferred_georeference.geographic_item
            when :geographic_area
              geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus
            else
              nil
            end

    parameters.merge!(
      'Longitude' => focus.point.x,
      'Latitude'  => focus.point.y
    ) unless focus.nil?
    parameters
  end

  def latitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:y)
  end

  def longitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:x)
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #    a complete set of params necessary to form a request string
  def geolocate_ui_params
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_hash
  end

  # @return [String]
  def geolocate_ui_params_string
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_string
  end

  # @return [GeoJSON::Feature]
  #   the first geographic item of the first georeference on this collecting event
  def to_geo_json_feature
    # !! avoid loading the whole geographic item, just grab the bits we need:
    # self.georeferences(true)  # do this to
    to_simple_json_feature.merge({
                                   'properties' => {
                                     'collecting_event' => {
                                       'id'  => self.id,
                                       'tag' => "Collecting event #{self.id}."
                                     }
                                   }
                                 })
  end

  # TODO: parametrize to include gazeteer
  #   i.e. geographic_areas_geogrpahic_items.where( gaz = 'some string')
  def to_simple_json_feature
    base = {
      'type'       => 'Feature',
      'properties' => {}
    }

    if geographic_items.any?
      geo_item_id      = geographic_items.select(:id).first.id
      query = "ST_AsGeoJSON(#{GeographicItem::GEOMETRY_SQL.to_sql}::geometry) geo_json"
      base['geometry'] = JSON.parse(GeographicItem.select(query).find(geo_item_id).geo_json)
    end
    base
  end

  # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   return the next collecting event without a georeference in this collecting events project sort order
  #   1.  verbatim_locality
  #   2.  geography_id
  #   3.  start_date_year
  #   4.  updated_on
  #   5.  id
  def next_without_georeference
    CollectingEvent.not_including(self).
      includes(:georeferences).
      where(project_id: self.project_id, georeferences: {collecting_event_id: nil}).
      order(:verbatim_locality, :geographic_area_id, :start_date_year, :updated_at, :id).
      first
  end

  # @param [Float] delta_z, will be used to fill in the z coordinate of the point
  # @return [RGeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  #   for the *verbatim* latitude/longitude only
  def verbatim_map_center(delta_z = 0.0)
    retval = nil
    unless verbatim_latitude.blank? or verbatim_longitude.blank?
      lat  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude.to_s)
      long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude.to_s)
      elev = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation.to_s).to_f
      delta_z = elev unless elev == 0.0 # Meh, BAD! must be nil
      retval  = Gis::FACTORY.point(long, lat, delta_z)
    end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   the name of the method that will return an Rgeo object that represent
  #   the "preferred" centroid for this collecting event
  def map_center_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference # => { georeferenceProtocol => ?  }
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center # => { }
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Rgeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  def map_center
    case map_center_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      preferred_georeference.geographic_item.centroid
    when :verbatim_map_center
      verbatim_map_center
    when :geographic_area
      geographic_area.default_geographic_item.geo_object.centroid
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  def names
    geographic_area.nil? ? [] : geographic_area.self_and_ancestors.where("name != 'Earth'").collect { |ga| ga.name }
  end

  def georeference_latitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].latitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  def georeference_longitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].longitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   coordinates for centering a Google map
  def verbatim_center_coordinates
    if self.verbatim_latitude.blank? || self.verbatim_longitude.blank?
      'POINT (0.0 0.0 0.0)'
    else
      self.verbatim_map_center.to_s
    end
  end

  def level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  def level1_name
    return cached_level1_name if cached_level1_name
    cache_geographic_names[:state]
  end

  def level2_name
    return cached_level2_name if cached_level2_name
    cache_geographic_names[:county]
  end

  def cached_level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   the instance may not be valid!
  def clone
    a = dup
    a.verbatim_label = [verbatim_label, "[CLONED FROM #{id}", "at #{Time.now}]"].compact.join(' ')

    roles.each do |r|
      a.collector_roles.build(person: r.person, position: r.position)
    end

    if georeferences.load.any?
      not_georeference_attributes = %w{created_at updated_at project_id updated_by_id created_by_id collecting_event_id id position}
      georeferences.each do |g|
        c = g.dup.attributes.select{|c| !not_georeference_attributes.include?(c) }
        a.georeferences.build(c)
      end
    end

    a.save
    a
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   a string used in DWC reportedBy and ultimately label generation
  #   TODO: include initials when we find out a clean way of producing them
  # yes, it's a Helper
  def collector_names
    [Utilities::Strings.authorship_sentence(collectors.collect{|a| a.last_name}), verbatim_collectors].compact.first
  end

  protected

  def set_cached
    v = [verbatim_label, print_label, document_label].compact.first
    if v
      string = v
    else
      name = cached_geographic_name_classification.values.join(': ')
      date = [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact.join('-')
      place_date = [verbatim_locality, date].compact.join(', ')
      string = [name, place_date, verbatim_collectors, verbatim_method].reject{|a| a.blank? }.join("\n")
    end

    string = "[#{id}]" if string.blank?

    update_columns(cached: string)
  end

  def set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank
    matches = ['0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC', '2000-01-01 00:00:00 UTC']
    write_attribute(:time_start, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_start.to_s)
    write_attribute(:time_end, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_end.to_s)
  end

  def check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty
    errors.add(:verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty, 'Provide both verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude if you provide verbatim_uncertainty.') if !verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank? && verbatim_longitude.blank? && verbatim_latitude.blank?
  end

  def check_date_range
    begin
      errors.add(:base, 'End date is earlier than start date.') if has_start_date? && has_end_date? && (start_date > end_date)
    rescue
      errors.add(:base, 'Start and/or end date invalid.')
    end
    errors.add(:base, 'End date without start date.') if (has_end_date? && !has_start_date?)
  end

  def check_ma_range
    errors.add(:min_ma, 'Min ma is < Max ma.') if min_ma.present? && max_ma.present? && min_ma > max_ma
  end

  def check_elevation_range
    errors.add(:maximum_elevation, 'Maximum elevation is lower than minimum elevation.') if !minimum_elevation.blank? && !maximum_elevation.blank? && maximum_elevation < minimum_elevation
  end

  def sv_georeference_matches_verbatim
    if a = georeferences.where(type: 'Georeference::VerbatimData').first
      d_lat = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude).to_f
      d_long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude).to_f
      if (a.latitude.to_f !=  d_lat)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim latitude #{verbatim_latitude}: (#{d_lat}) and point geoference latitude #{a.latitude} do not match")
      end
      if (a.longitude.to_f != d_long)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim longitude #{verbatim_longitude}: (#{d_long}) and point geoference longitude #{a.longitude} do not match")
      end
    end
  end

  def sv_minimally_check_for_a_label
    [:verbatim_label, :print_label, :document_label, :field_notes].each do |v|
      return true if !self.send(v).blank?
    end
    soft_validations.add(:base, 'At least one label type, or field notes, should be provided.')
  end

end

#cached_level0_geographic_name ⇒ `String`^?

Returns the auto-calculated level0 (= country in TaxonWorks) value drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied.

Returns:

(String, nil) —

the auto-calculated level0 (= country in TaxonWorks) value drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied

# File 'app/models/collecting_event.rb', line 179

class CollectingEvent < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::DataAttributes
  include Shared::HasRoles
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::Depictions
  include Shared::Labels
  include Shared::Confidences
  include Shared::Documentation
  include Shared::HasPapertrail
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  ignore_whitespace_on(:document_label, :verbatim_label, :print_label)

  NEARBY_DISTANCE = 5000

  attr_accessor :with_verbatim_data_georeference

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   When true, will not rebuild dwc_occurrence index.
  #   See also Shared::IsDwcOccurrence
  attr_accessor :no_dwc_occurrence

  # @return [Boolean]
  #  When true, cached values are not built
  attr_accessor :no_cached

  # handle_asynchronously :update_dwc_occurrences, run_at: Proc.new { 20.seconds.from_now }

  belongs_to :geographic_area, inverse_of: :collecting_events

  has_one :accession_provider_role, class_name: 'AccessionProvider', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :deaccession_recipient_role, class_name: 'DeaccessionRecipient', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :verbatim_data_georeference, class_name: 'Georeference::VerbatimData'
  has_one :preferred_georeference, -> { order(:position) }, class_name: 'Georeference', foreign_key: :collecting_event_id

  has_many :collection_objects, inverse_of: :collecting_event, dependent: :restrict_with_error
  has_many :collector_roles, class_name: 'Collector', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_many :collectors, through: :collector_roles, source: :person, inverse_of: :collecting_events
  has_many :dwc_occurrences, through: :collection_objects
  has_many :georeferences, dependent: :destroy, inverse_of: :collecting_event
  has_many :error_geographic_items, through: :georeferences, source: :error_geographic_item
  has_many :geographic_items, through: :georeferences # See also all_geographic_items, the union
  has_many :geo_locate_georeferences, class_name: '::Georeference::GeoLocate', dependent: :destroy
  has_many :gpx_georeferences, class_name: 'Georeference::GPX', dependent: :destroy

  has_many :otus, through: :collection_objects

  after_create do
    if with_verbatim_data_georeference
      generate_verbatim_data_georeference(true)
    end
  end

  before_save :set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank

  after_save :cache_geographic_names, if: -> { !no_cached && saved_change_to_attribute?(:geographic_area_id) }
  after_save :set_cached, unless: -> { no_cached }
  after_save :update_dwc_occurrences , unless: -> { no_dwc_occurrence }

  def update_dwc_occurrences
    # reload is required!
    if collection_objects.count < 40
      collection_objects.reload.each do |o|
        o.set_dwc_occurrence
      end
    end
  end

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :verbatim_data_georeference
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :geo_locate_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :gpx_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :collectors, :collector_roles, allow_destroy: true

  validate :check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty,
           :check_date_range,
           :check_elevation_range,
           :check_ma_range

  validates_uniqueness_of :md5_of_verbatim_label, scope: [:project_id], unless: -> { verbatim_label.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_longitude, if: -> { !verbatim_latitude.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_latitude, if: -> { !verbatim_longitude.blank? }

  validates :geographic_area, presence: true, allow_nil: true

  validates :time_start_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_start_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_start_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_start_minute, if: -> { !self.time_start_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_start_hour, if: -> { !self.time_start_minute.blank? }

  validates :time_end_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_end_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_end_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_end_minute, if: -> { !self.time_end_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_end_hour, if: -> { !self.time_end_minute.blank? }

  validates :start_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}
  validates :end_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}

  validates :start_date_month, date_month: true
  validates :end_date_month, date_month: true

  validates_presence_of :start_date_month, if: -> { !start_date_day.nil? }
  validates_presence_of :end_date_month, if: -> { !end_date_day.nil? }

  validates :end_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :end_date_year, month_sym: :end_date_month},
            unless: -> { end_date_year.nil? || end_date_month.nil? }

  validates :start_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :start_date_year, month_sym: :start_date_month},
    unless: -> { start_date_year.nil? || start_date_month.nil? }

  soft_validate(:sv_minimally_check_for_a_label)
  soft_validate(:sv_georeference_matches_verbatim, set: :georeference)

  # @param [String]
  def verbatim_label=(value)
    write_attribute(:verbatim_label, value)
    write_attribute(:md5_of_verbatim_label, Utilities::Strings.generate_md5(value))
  end

  scope :used_recently, -> { joins(:collection_objects).includes(:collection_objects).where(collection_objects: { created_at: 1.weeks.ago..Time.now } ).order('"collection_objects"."created_at" DESC') }
  scope :used_in_project, -> (project_id) { joins(:collection_objects).where( collection_objects: { project_id: project_id } ) }

  class << self

    #
    # Scopes
    #

    def select_optimized(user_id, project_id)
      h = {
        recent: (CollectingEvent.used_in_project(project_id)
          .where(collection_objects: {updated_by_id: user_id})
          .used_recently
          .distinct
          .limit(5)
          .order(:cached)
          .to_a +
        CollectingEvent.where(project_id: project_id, updated_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now).limit(5).to_a).uniq,
        pinboard: CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a
      }

      h[:quick] = (CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a  +
          h[:recent]).uniq
      h
    end

    # @param [GeographicItem] geographic_item
    # @return [Scope]
    # TODO: use joins(:geographic_items).where(containing scope), simplied to
    def contained_within(geographic_item)
      CollectingEvent.joins(:geographic_items).where(GeographicItem.contained_by_where_sql(geographic_item.id))
    end

    # @param [CollectingEvent Scope] collecting_events
    # @return [Scope] without self (if included)
    # TODO: DRY, use general form of this
    def not_including(collecting_events)
      where.not(id: collecting_events)
    end

    #
    # Other
    #

    # @param [String] search_start_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] search_end_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] partial_overlap 'on' or 'off'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting events
    # TODO: remove all of this for direct call to Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter
    def in_date_range(search_start_date: nil, search_end_date: nil, partial_overlap: 'on')
      allow_partial = (partial_overlap.downcase == 'off' ? false : true)
      q = Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter.new(start_date: search_start_date, end_date: search_end_date, partial_overlap_dates: allow_partial)
      where(q.between_date_range.to_sql).distinct # TODO: uniq should likely not be here
    end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params in the style Rails of 'params'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting_events
    # TODO: deprecate for lib/queries/collecting_event
    def filter_by(params)
      sql_string = ''
      unless params.blank? # not strictly necessary, but handy for debugging
        sql_string = Utilities::Dates.date_sql_from_params(params)

        # processing text data
        v_locality_fragment = params['verbatim_locality_text']
        any_label_fragment  = params['any_label_text']
        id_fragment = params['identifier_text']

        prefix = ''
        unless v_locality_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = ' and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }verbatim_locality ilike '%#{v_locality_fragment}%'"
        end
        prefix = ''
        unless any_label_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = 'and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }(verbatim_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or print_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or document_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += ')'
        end

        unless id_fragment.blank?
          # @todo this still needs to be dealt with
        end

      end
      # find the records
      if sql_string.blank?
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.none
      else
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.where(sql_string).distinct
      end

      collecting_events
    end
  end # end Class methods

  # @param [String] lat
  # @param [String] long
  # @param [String] piece
  # @param [Integer] project_id
  # @param [Boolean] include_values true if to include records whicgh already have verbatim lat/longs
  # @return [Scope] of matching collecting events
  #   TODO: deprecate
  def similar_lat_longs(lat, long, project_id, piece = '', include_values = true)
    sql = '('
    sql += "verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(lat)}%'" unless lat.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(long)}%'" unless long.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(piece)}%'" unless piece.blank?
    sql += ')'
    sql += ' and (verbatim_latitude is null or verbatim_longitude is null)' unless include_values

    retval = CollectingEvent.where(sql)
      .with_project_id(project_id)
      .order(:id)
      .where.not(id: id).distinct
    retval
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_data?
    CollectingEvent.data_attributes.each do |a|
      return true unless self.send(a).blank?
    end
    return true if georeferences.any?
    false
  end

  def has_some_date?
    !verbatim_date.blank? || some_start_date? || some_end_date?
  end

  def has_collectors?
    !verbatim_collectors.blank? || collectors.any?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_start_date?
    !start_date_day.blank? && !start_date_month.blank? && !start_date_year.blank?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_end_date?
    !end_date_day.blank? && !end_date_month.blank? && !end_date_year.blank?
  end

  def some_start_date?
    [start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  def some_end_date?
    [end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def start_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(start_date_year, start_date_month, start_date_day) if some_start_date?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def end_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(end_date_year, end_date_month, end_date_day) if some_end_date?
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def end_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year)
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def start_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_start
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_start_hour, time_start_minute, time_start_second)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_end
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_end_hour, time_end_minute, time_end_second)
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   time_start and end if provided
  def time_range
    [time_start, time_end].compact
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   date_start and end if provided
  def date_range
    [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact
  end

  # CollectingEvent.select {|d| !(d.verbatim_latitude.nil? || d.verbatim_longitude.nil?)}
  # .select {|ce| ce.georeferences.empty?}
  # @param [Boolean] reference_self
  # @param [Boolean] no_cached
  # @return [Georeference::VerbatimData, false]
  #   generates (creates) a Georeference::VerbatimReference from verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude values
  def generate_verbatim_data_georeference(reference_self = false, no_cached: false)
    return false if (verbatim_latitude.nil? || verbatim_longitude.nil?)
    begin
      CollectingEvent.transaction do
        vg_attributes = {collecting_event_id: id.to_s, no_cached: no_cached}
        vg_attributes.merge!(by: creator.id, project_id: project_id) if reference_self
        a = Georeference::VerbatimData.new(vg_attributes)
        if a.valid?
          a.save
        end
        return a
      end
    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid # TODO: rescue only something!!
      raise
    end
    false
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #    a GeographicItem instance representing a translation of the verbatim values, not saved
  def build_verbatim_geographic_item
    if self.verbatim_latitude && self.verbatim_longitude && !self.new_record?
      local_latitude  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude)
      local_longitude = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude)
      elev            = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation).to_f
      point           = Gis::FACTORY.point(local_latitude, local_longitude, elev)
      GeographicItem.new(point: point)
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  # @return [Integer]
  # @todo figure out how to convert verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty in different units (ft, m, km, mi) into meters
  # @TODO: See Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(String)
  def get_error_radius
    return nil if verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank?
    return verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.to_i if is.number?(verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  #   all geographic_items associated with this collecting_event through georeferences only
  def all_geographic_items
    GeographicItem.
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g2 ON geographic_items.id = g2.error_geographic_item_id').
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g1 ON geographic_items.id = g1.geographic_item_id').
      where(['(g1.collecting_event_id = ? OR g2.collecting_event_id = ?) AND (g1.geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL OR g2.error_geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL)', self.id, self.id])
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #  returns the geographic_item corresponding to the geographic area, if provided
  def geographic_area_default_geographic_item
    try(:geographic_area).try(:default_geographic_item)
  end

  # @param [GeographicItem]
  # @return [String]
  #   see how far away we are from another gi
  def distance_to(geographic_item_id)
    GeographicItem.distance_between(preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id, geographic_item_id)
  end

  # @param [Double] distance in meters
  # @return [Scope]
  def collecting_events_within_radius_of(distance)
    return CollectingEvent.none if !preferred_georeference
    geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id
    # geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.try(:geographic_item_id)
    # geographic_item_id = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: id).first.geographic_item_id if geographic_item_id.nil?
    CollectingEvent.not_self(self)
      .joins(:geographic_items)
      .where(GeographicItem.within_radius_of_item_sql(geographic_item_id, distance))
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find all (other) CEs which have GIs or EGIs (through georeferences) which intersect self
  def collecting_events_intersecting_with
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.intersecting('any', self.geographic_items.first).distinct
    gr     = [] # all collecting events for a geographic_item

    pieces.each { |o|
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo change 'id in (?)' to some other sql construct
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: gr.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find other CEs that have GRs whose GIs or EGIs are contained in the EGI

  def collecting_events_contained_in_error
    # find all the GIs and EGIs associated with CEs
    # TODO: this will be impossibly slow in present form
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.to_a

    me = self.error_geographic_items.first.geo_object
    gi = []
    # collect all the GIs which are within the EGI
    pieces.each { |o|
      gi.push(o) if o.geo_object.within?(me)
    }
    # collect all the CEs which refer to these GIs
    ce = []
    gi.each { |o|
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo Directly map this
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: ce.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # DEPRECATED for shared code
  # @param [String, String, Integer]
  # @return [Scope]
  def nearest_by_levenshtein(compared_string = nil, column = 'verbatim_locality', limit = 10)
    return CollectingEvent.none if compared_string.nil?
    order_str = CollectingEvent.send(:sanitize_sql_for_conditions, ["levenshtein(collecting_events.#{column}, ?)", compared_string])
    CollectingEvent.where('id <> ?', id.to_s).
      order(Arel.sql(order_str)).
      limit(limit)
  end

  # @param [String]
  #   one or more names from GeographicAreaType
  # @return [Hash]
  #    (
  #    {'name' => [GAs]}
  #   or
  #   [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}]
  #   )
  #     one hash, consisting of a country name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #     an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #     which are country_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @todo this needs more work, possibily direct AREL table manipulation.
  def name_hash(types)
    retval  = {}
    gi_list = containing_geographic_items

    # there are a few ways we can end up with no GIs
    # unless gi_list.nil? # no references GeographicAreas or Georeferences at all, or
    unless gi_list.empty? # no available GeographicItems to test
      # map the resulting GIs to their corresponding GAs
      # pieces  = GeographicItem.where(id: gi_list.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
      # pieces = gi_list
      ga_list = GeographicArea.joins(:geographic_area_type, :geographic_areas_geographic_items).
        where(geographic_area_types: {name: types},
              geographic_areas_geographic_items: {geographic_item_id: gi_list}).distinct

      # WAS: now find all of the GAs which have the same names as the ones we collected.

      # map the names to an array of results
      ga_list.each { |i|
        retval[i.name] ||= [] # if we haven't come across this name yet, set it to point to a blank array
        retval[i.name].push i # we now have at least a blank array, push the result into it
      }
    end
    # end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #   classifies this collecting event into country, state, county categories
  def geographic_name_classification
    # if names are stored in the database, and the the geographic_area_id has not changed
    if has_cached_geographic_names? && !geographic_area_id_changed?
      return cached_geographic_name_classification
    else
      r = get_geographic_name_classification
      cache_geographic_names(r, true)
    end
  end

  def get_geographic_name_classification
    case geographic_name_classification_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      # quick
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.quick_geographic_name_hierarchy # almost never the case, UI not setup to do this
      # slow
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {} # therefor defaults to slow
    when :geographic_area_with_shape # geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification # do not round trip to the geographic_item, it just points back to the geographic area
      # slow
      r = geographic_area.default_geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {}
    when :geographic_area # elsif geographic_area
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification
    when :verbatim_map_center # elsif map_center
      # slowest
      r = GeographicItem.point_inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy(verbatim_map_center)
    end
    r ||= {}
    r
  end

  def has_cached_geographic_names?
    cached_geographic_name_classification != {}
  end

  def cached_geographic_name_classification
    h = {}
    h[:country] = cached_level0_geographic_name if cached_level0_geographic_name
    h[:state] = cached_level1_geographic_name if cached_level1_geographic_name
    h[:county] = cached_level2_geographic_name if cached_level2_geographic_name
    h
  end

  def cache_geographic_names(values = {}, tried = false)
    # prevent a second call to get if we've already tried through
    values = get_geographic_name_classification if values.empty? && !tried
    return {} if values.empty?
    update_columns(
      cached_level0_geographic_name: values[:country],
      cached_level1_geographic_name: values[:state],
      cached_level2_geographic_name: values[:county]
    )
    values
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   determines (prioritizes) the method to be used to decided the geographic name classification
  #   (string labels for country, state, county) for this collecting_event.
  def geographic_name_classification_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference
    return :geographic_area_with_shape if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center
    nil
  end

  # @return [Array of GeographicItems containing this target]
  #   GeographicItems are those that contain either the georeference or, if there are none,
  #   the geographic area
  def containing_geographic_items
    gi_list = []
    if self.georeferences.any?
      # gather all the GIs which contain this GI or EGI
      #
      #  Struck EGI, EGI must contain GI, therefor anything that contains EGI contains GI, threfor containing GI will always be the bigger set
      #   !! and there was no tests broken
      # GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_items.to_a).pluck(:id).uniq
      gi_list = GeographicItem.containing(*geographic_items.pluck(:id)).pluck(:id).uniq

    else
      # use geographic_area only if there are no GIs or EGIs
      unless self.geographic_area.nil?
        # unless self.geographic_area.geographic_items.empty?
        # we need to use the geographic_area directly
        gi_list = GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_area.geographic_items).pluck(:id).uniq
        # end
      end
    end
    gi_list
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  def countries_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTRY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a state name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are state_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def states_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::STATE_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a county name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are county_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def counties_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # @param [Hash]
  # @return [String]
  def name_from_geopolitical_hash(name_hash)
    return nil if name_hash.keys.count == 0
    return name_hash.keys.first if name_hash.keys.count == 1
    most_key   = nil
    most_count = 0
    name_hash.keys.sort.each do |k| # alphabetically first (keys are unordered)
      if name_hash[k].size > most_count
        most_count = name_hash[k].size
        most_key   = k
      end
    end
    most_key
  end

  # @return [String]
  def country_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(countries_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_or_province_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(states_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_name
    state_or_province_name
  end

  # @return [String]
  def county_or_equivalent_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(counties_hash)
  end

  alias county_name county_or_equivalent_name

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   prioritizes and identifies the source of the latitude/longitude values that
  #   will be calculated for DWCA and primary display
  def lat_long_source
    if preferred_georeference
      :georeference
    elsif verbatim_latitude && verbatim_longitude
      :verbatim
    elsif geographic_area && geographic_area.has_shape?
      :geographic_area
    else
      nil
    end
  end

=begin

# @todo @mjy: please fill in any other paths you can think of for the acquisition of information for the seven below listed items
  ce.georeference.geographic_item.centroid
  ce.georeference.error_geographic_item.centroid
  ce.verbatim_georeference
  ce.preferred_georeference
  ce.georeference.first
  ce.verbatim_lat/ee.verbatim_lng
  ce.verbatim_locality
  ce.geographic_area.geographic_item.centroid

  There are a number of items we can try to get data for to complete the geolocate parameter string:

  'country' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.country_name

  'state' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.state_or_province_name

  'county' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.county_or_equivalent_name

  'locality' can come from:
    ce.verbatim_locality

  'Latitude', 'Longitude' can come from:
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.error_geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicArea through ce.geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus

  'Placename' can come from:
    ? Copy of 'locality'
=end

  # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
  # @return [Hash]
  #   parameters from collecting event that are of use to geolocate
  def geolocate_attributes
    parameters = {
      'country'   => country_name,
      'state'     => state_or_province_name,
      'county'    => county_or_equivalent_name,
      'locality'  => verbatim_locality,
      'Placename' => verbatim_locality,
    }

    focus = case lat_long_source
            when :georeference
              preferred_georeference.geographic_item
            when :geographic_area
              geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus
            else
              nil
            end

    parameters.merge!(
      'Longitude' => focus.point.x,
      'Latitude'  => focus.point.y
    ) unless focus.nil?
    parameters
  end

  def latitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:y)
  end

  def longitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:x)
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #    a complete set of params necessary to form a request string
  def geolocate_ui_params
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_hash
  end

  # @return [String]
  def geolocate_ui_params_string
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_string
  end

  # @return [GeoJSON::Feature]
  #   the first geographic item of the first georeference on this collecting event
  def to_geo_json_feature
    # !! avoid loading the whole geographic item, just grab the bits we need:
    # self.georeferences(true)  # do this to
    to_simple_json_feature.merge({
                                   'properties' => {
                                     'collecting_event' => {
                                       'id'  => self.id,
                                       'tag' => "Collecting event #{self.id}."
                                     }
                                   }
                                 })
  end

  # TODO: parametrize to include gazeteer
  #   i.e. geographic_areas_geogrpahic_items.where( gaz = 'some string')
  def to_simple_json_feature
    base = {
      'type'       => 'Feature',
      'properties' => {}
    }

    if geographic_items.any?
      geo_item_id      = geographic_items.select(:id).first.id
      query = "ST_AsGeoJSON(#{GeographicItem::GEOMETRY_SQL.to_sql}::geometry) geo_json"
      base['geometry'] = JSON.parse(GeographicItem.select(query).find(geo_item_id).geo_json)
    end
    base
  end

  # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   return the next collecting event without a georeference in this collecting events project sort order
  #   1.  verbatim_locality
  #   2.  geography_id
  #   3.  start_date_year
  #   4.  updated_on
  #   5.  id
  def next_without_georeference
    CollectingEvent.not_including(self).
      includes(:georeferences).
      where(project_id: self.project_id, georeferences: {collecting_event_id: nil}).
      order(:verbatim_locality, :geographic_area_id, :start_date_year, :updated_at, :id).
      first
  end

  # @param [Float] delta_z, will be used to fill in the z coordinate of the point
  # @return [RGeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  #   for the *verbatim* latitude/longitude only
  def verbatim_map_center(delta_z = 0.0)
    retval = nil
    unless verbatim_latitude.blank? or verbatim_longitude.blank?
      lat  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude.to_s)
      long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude.to_s)
      elev = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation.to_s).to_f
      delta_z = elev unless elev == 0.0 # Meh, BAD! must be nil
      retval  = Gis::FACTORY.point(long, lat, delta_z)
    end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   the name of the method that will return an Rgeo object that represent
  #   the "preferred" centroid for this collecting event
  def map_center_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference # => { georeferenceProtocol => ?  }
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center # => { }
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Rgeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  def map_center
    case map_center_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      preferred_georeference.geographic_item.centroid
    when :verbatim_map_center
      verbatim_map_center
    when :geographic_area
      geographic_area.default_geographic_item.geo_object.centroid
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  def names
    geographic_area.nil? ? [] : geographic_area.self_and_ancestors.where("name != 'Earth'").collect { |ga| ga.name }
  end

  def georeference_latitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].latitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  def georeference_longitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].longitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   coordinates for centering a Google map
  def verbatim_center_coordinates
    if self.verbatim_latitude.blank? || self.verbatim_longitude.blank?
      'POINT (0.0 0.0 0.0)'
    else
      self.verbatim_map_center.to_s
    end
  end

  def level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  def level1_name
    return cached_level1_name if cached_level1_name
    cache_geographic_names[:state]
  end

  def level2_name
    return cached_level2_name if cached_level2_name
    cache_geographic_names[:county]
  end

  def cached_level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   the instance may not be valid!
  def clone
    a = dup
    a.verbatim_label = [verbatim_label, "[CLONED FROM #{id}", "at #{Time.now}]"].compact.join(' ')

    roles.each do |r|
      a.collector_roles.build(person: r.person, position: r.position)
    end

    if georeferences.load.any?
      not_georeference_attributes = %w{created_at updated_at project_id updated_by_id created_by_id collecting_event_id id position}
      georeferences.each do |g|
        c = g.dup.attributes.select{|c| !not_georeference_attributes.include?(c) }
        a.georeferences.build(c)
      end
    end

    a.save
    a
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   a string used in DWC reportedBy and ultimately label generation
  #   TODO: include initials when we find out a clean way of producing them
  # yes, it's a Helper
  def collector_names
    [Utilities::Strings.authorship_sentence(collectors.collect{|a| a.last_name}), verbatim_collectors].compact.first
  end

  protected

  def set_cached
    v = [verbatim_label, print_label, document_label].compact.first
    if v
      string = v
    else
      name = cached_geographic_name_classification.values.join(': ')
      date = [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact.join('-')
      place_date = [verbatim_locality, date].compact.join(', ')
      string = [name, place_date, verbatim_collectors, verbatim_method].reject{|a| a.blank? }.join("\n")
    end

    string = "[#{id}]" if string.blank?

    update_columns(cached: string)
  end

  def set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank
    matches = ['0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC', '2000-01-01 00:00:00 UTC']
    write_attribute(:time_start, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_start.to_s)
    write_attribute(:time_end, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_end.to_s)
  end

  def check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty
    errors.add(:verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty, 'Provide both verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude if you provide verbatim_uncertainty.') if !verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank? && verbatim_longitude.blank? && verbatim_latitude.blank?
  end

  def check_date_range
    begin
      errors.add(:base, 'End date is earlier than start date.') if has_start_date? && has_end_date? && (start_date > end_date)
    rescue
      errors.add(:base, 'Start and/or end date invalid.')
    end
    errors.add(:base, 'End date without start date.') if (has_end_date? && !has_start_date?)
  end

  def check_ma_range
    errors.add(:min_ma, 'Min ma is < Max ma.') if min_ma.present? && max_ma.present? && min_ma > max_ma
  end

  def check_elevation_range
    errors.add(:maximum_elevation, 'Maximum elevation is lower than minimum elevation.') if !minimum_elevation.blank? && !maximum_elevation.blank? && maximum_elevation < minimum_elevation
  end

  def sv_georeference_matches_verbatim
    if a = georeferences.where(type: 'Georeference::VerbatimData').first
      d_lat = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude).to_f
      d_long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude).to_f
      if (a.latitude.to_f !=  d_lat)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim latitude #{verbatim_latitude}: (#{d_lat}) and point geoference latitude #{a.latitude} do not match")
      end
      if (a.longitude.to_f != d_long)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim longitude #{verbatim_longitude}: (#{d_long}) and point geoference longitude #{a.longitude} do not match")
      end
    end
  end

  def sv_minimally_check_for_a_label
    [:verbatim_label, :print_label, :document_label, :field_notes].each do |v|
      return true if !self.send(v).blank?
    end
    soft_validations.add(:base, 'At least one label type, or field notes, should be provided.')
  end

end

#cached_level1_geographic_name ⇒ `String`^?

Returns the auto-calculated level1 (typically state/province) value drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied.

Returns:

(String, nil) —

the auto-calculated level1 (typically state/province) value drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied

# File 'app/models/collecting_event.rb', line 179

class CollectingEvent < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::DataAttributes
  include Shared::HasRoles
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::Depictions
  include Shared::Labels
  include Shared::Confidences
  include Shared::Documentation
  include Shared::HasPapertrail
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  ignore_whitespace_on(:document_label, :verbatim_label, :print_label)

  NEARBY_DISTANCE = 5000

  attr_accessor :with_verbatim_data_georeference

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   When true, will not rebuild dwc_occurrence index.
  #   See also Shared::IsDwcOccurrence
  attr_accessor :no_dwc_occurrence

  # @return [Boolean]
  #  When true, cached values are not built
  attr_accessor :no_cached

  # handle_asynchronously :update_dwc_occurrences, run_at: Proc.new { 20.seconds.from_now }

  belongs_to :geographic_area, inverse_of: :collecting_events

  has_one :accession_provider_role, class_name: 'AccessionProvider', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :deaccession_recipient_role, class_name: 'DeaccessionRecipient', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :verbatim_data_georeference, class_name: 'Georeference::VerbatimData'
  has_one :preferred_georeference, -> { order(:position) }, class_name: 'Georeference', foreign_key: :collecting_event_id

  has_many :collection_objects, inverse_of: :collecting_event, dependent: :restrict_with_error
  has_many :collector_roles, class_name: 'Collector', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_many :collectors, through: :collector_roles, source: :person, inverse_of: :collecting_events
  has_many :dwc_occurrences, through: :collection_objects
  has_many :georeferences, dependent: :destroy, inverse_of: :collecting_event
  has_many :error_geographic_items, through: :georeferences, source: :error_geographic_item
  has_many :geographic_items, through: :georeferences # See also all_geographic_items, the union
  has_many :geo_locate_georeferences, class_name: '::Georeference::GeoLocate', dependent: :destroy
  has_many :gpx_georeferences, class_name: 'Georeference::GPX', dependent: :destroy

  has_many :otus, through: :collection_objects

  after_create do
    if with_verbatim_data_georeference
      generate_verbatim_data_georeference(true)
    end
  end

  before_save :set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank

  after_save :cache_geographic_names, if: -> { !no_cached && saved_change_to_attribute?(:geographic_area_id) }
  after_save :set_cached, unless: -> { no_cached }
  after_save :update_dwc_occurrences , unless: -> { no_dwc_occurrence }

  def update_dwc_occurrences
    # reload is required!
    if collection_objects.count < 40
      collection_objects.reload.each do |o|
        o.set_dwc_occurrence
      end
    end
  end

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :verbatim_data_georeference
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :geo_locate_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :gpx_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :collectors, :collector_roles, allow_destroy: true

  validate :check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty,
           :check_date_range,
           :check_elevation_range,
           :check_ma_range

  validates_uniqueness_of :md5_of_verbatim_label, scope: [:project_id], unless: -> { verbatim_label.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_longitude, if: -> { !verbatim_latitude.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_latitude, if: -> { !verbatim_longitude.blank? }

  validates :geographic_area, presence: true, allow_nil: true

  validates :time_start_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_start_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_start_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_start_minute, if: -> { !self.time_start_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_start_hour, if: -> { !self.time_start_minute.blank? }

  validates :time_end_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_end_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_end_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_end_minute, if: -> { !self.time_end_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_end_hour, if: -> { !self.time_end_minute.blank? }

  validates :start_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}
  validates :end_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}

  validates :start_date_month, date_month: true
  validates :end_date_month, date_month: true

  validates_presence_of :start_date_month, if: -> { !start_date_day.nil? }
  validates_presence_of :end_date_month, if: -> { !end_date_day.nil? }

  validates :end_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :end_date_year, month_sym: :end_date_month},
            unless: -> { end_date_year.nil? || end_date_month.nil? }

  validates :start_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :start_date_year, month_sym: :start_date_month},
    unless: -> { start_date_year.nil? || start_date_month.nil? }

  soft_validate(:sv_minimally_check_for_a_label)
  soft_validate(:sv_georeference_matches_verbatim, set: :georeference)

  # @param [String]
  def verbatim_label=(value)
    write_attribute(:verbatim_label, value)
    write_attribute(:md5_of_verbatim_label, Utilities::Strings.generate_md5(value))
  end

  scope :used_recently, -> { joins(:collection_objects).includes(:collection_objects).where(collection_objects: { created_at: 1.weeks.ago..Time.now } ).order('"collection_objects"."created_at" DESC') }
  scope :used_in_project, -> (project_id) { joins(:collection_objects).where( collection_objects: { project_id: project_id } ) }

  class << self

    #
    # Scopes
    #

    def select_optimized(user_id, project_id)
      h = {
        recent: (CollectingEvent.used_in_project(project_id)
          .where(collection_objects: {updated_by_id: user_id})
          .used_recently
          .distinct
          .limit(5)
          .order(:cached)
          .to_a +
        CollectingEvent.where(project_id: project_id, updated_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now).limit(5).to_a).uniq,
        pinboard: CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a
      }

      h[:quick] = (CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a  +
          h[:recent]).uniq
      h
    end

    # @param [GeographicItem] geographic_item
    # @return [Scope]
    # TODO: use joins(:geographic_items).where(containing scope), simplied to
    def contained_within(geographic_item)
      CollectingEvent.joins(:geographic_items).where(GeographicItem.contained_by_where_sql(geographic_item.id))
    end

    # @param [CollectingEvent Scope] collecting_events
    # @return [Scope] without self (if included)
    # TODO: DRY, use general form of this
    def not_including(collecting_events)
      where.not(id: collecting_events)
    end

    #
    # Other
    #

    # @param [String] search_start_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] search_end_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] partial_overlap 'on' or 'off'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting events
    # TODO: remove all of this for direct call to Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter
    def in_date_range(search_start_date: nil, search_end_date: nil, partial_overlap: 'on')
      allow_partial = (partial_overlap.downcase == 'off' ? false : true)
      q = Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter.new(start_date: search_start_date, end_date: search_end_date, partial_overlap_dates: allow_partial)
      where(q.between_date_range.to_sql).distinct # TODO: uniq should likely not be here
    end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params in the style Rails of 'params'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting_events
    # TODO: deprecate for lib/queries/collecting_event
    def filter_by(params)
      sql_string = ''
      unless params.blank? # not strictly necessary, but handy for debugging
        sql_string = Utilities::Dates.date_sql_from_params(params)

        # processing text data
        v_locality_fragment = params['verbatim_locality_text']
        any_label_fragment  = params['any_label_text']
        id_fragment = params['identifier_text']

        prefix = ''
        unless v_locality_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = ' and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }verbatim_locality ilike '%#{v_locality_fragment}%'"
        end
        prefix = ''
        unless any_label_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = 'and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }(verbatim_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or print_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or document_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += ')'
        end

        unless id_fragment.blank?
          # @todo this still needs to be dealt with
        end

      end
      # find the records
      if sql_string.blank?
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.none
      else
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.where(sql_string).distinct
      end

      collecting_events
    end
  end # end Class methods

  # @param [String] lat
  # @param [String] long
  # @param [String] piece
  # @param [Integer] project_id
  # @param [Boolean] include_values true if to include records whicgh already have verbatim lat/longs
  # @return [Scope] of matching collecting events
  #   TODO: deprecate
  def similar_lat_longs(lat, long, project_id, piece = '', include_values = true)
    sql = '('
    sql += "verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(lat)}%'" unless lat.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(long)}%'" unless long.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(piece)}%'" unless piece.blank?
    sql += ')'
    sql += ' and (verbatim_latitude is null or verbatim_longitude is null)' unless include_values

    retval = CollectingEvent.where(sql)
      .with_project_id(project_id)
      .order(:id)
      .where.not(id: id).distinct
    retval
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_data?
    CollectingEvent.data_attributes.each do |a|
      return true unless self.send(a).blank?
    end
    return true if georeferences.any?
    false
  end

  def has_some_date?
    !verbatim_date.blank? || some_start_date? || some_end_date?
  end

  def has_collectors?
    !verbatim_collectors.blank? || collectors.any?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_start_date?
    !start_date_day.blank? && !start_date_month.blank? && !start_date_year.blank?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_end_date?
    !end_date_day.blank? && !end_date_month.blank? && !end_date_year.blank?
  end

  def some_start_date?
    [start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  def some_end_date?
    [end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def start_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(start_date_year, start_date_month, start_date_day) if some_start_date?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def end_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(end_date_year, end_date_month, end_date_day) if some_end_date?
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def end_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year)
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def start_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_start
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_start_hour, time_start_minute, time_start_second)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_end
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_end_hour, time_end_minute, time_end_second)
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   time_start and end if provided
  def time_range
    [time_start, time_end].compact
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   date_start and end if provided
  def date_range
    [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact
  end

  # CollectingEvent.select {|d| !(d.verbatim_latitude.nil? || d.verbatim_longitude.nil?)}
  # .select {|ce| ce.georeferences.empty?}
  # @param [Boolean] reference_self
  # @param [Boolean] no_cached
  # @return [Georeference::VerbatimData, false]
  #   generates (creates) a Georeference::VerbatimReference from verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude values
  def generate_verbatim_data_georeference(reference_self = false, no_cached: false)
    return false if (verbatim_latitude.nil? || verbatim_longitude.nil?)
    begin
      CollectingEvent.transaction do
        vg_attributes = {collecting_event_id: id.to_s, no_cached: no_cached}
        vg_attributes.merge!(by: creator.id, project_id: project_id) if reference_self
        a = Georeference::VerbatimData.new(vg_attributes)
        if a.valid?
          a.save
        end
        return a
      end
    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid # TODO: rescue only something!!
      raise
    end
    false
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #    a GeographicItem instance representing a translation of the verbatim values, not saved
  def build_verbatim_geographic_item
    if self.verbatim_latitude && self.verbatim_longitude && !self.new_record?
      local_latitude  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude)
      local_longitude = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude)
      elev            = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation).to_f
      point           = Gis::FACTORY.point(local_latitude, local_longitude, elev)
      GeographicItem.new(point: point)
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  # @return [Integer]
  # @todo figure out how to convert verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty in different units (ft, m, km, mi) into meters
  # @TODO: See Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(String)
  def get_error_radius
    return nil if verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank?
    return verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.to_i if is.number?(verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  #   all geographic_items associated with this collecting_event through georeferences only
  def all_geographic_items
    GeographicItem.
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g2 ON geographic_items.id = g2.error_geographic_item_id').
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g1 ON geographic_items.id = g1.geographic_item_id').
      where(['(g1.collecting_event_id = ? OR g2.collecting_event_id = ?) AND (g1.geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL OR g2.error_geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL)', self.id, self.id])
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #  returns the geographic_item corresponding to the geographic area, if provided
  def geographic_area_default_geographic_item
    try(:geographic_area).try(:default_geographic_item)
  end

  # @param [GeographicItem]
  # @return [String]
  #   see how far away we are from another gi
  def distance_to(geographic_item_id)
    GeographicItem.distance_between(preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id, geographic_item_id)
  end

  # @param [Double] distance in meters
  # @return [Scope]
  def collecting_events_within_radius_of(distance)
    return CollectingEvent.none if !preferred_georeference
    geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id
    # geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.try(:geographic_item_id)
    # geographic_item_id = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: id).first.geographic_item_id if geographic_item_id.nil?
    CollectingEvent.not_self(self)
      .joins(:geographic_items)
      .where(GeographicItem.within_radius_of_item_sql(geographic_item_id, distance))
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find all (other) CEs which have GIs or EGIs (through georeferences) which intersect self
  def collecting_events_intersecting_with
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.intersecting('any', self.geographic_items.first).distinct
    gr     = [] # all collecting events for a geographic_item

    pieces.each { |o|
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo change 'id in (?)' to some other sql construct
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: gr.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find other CEs that have GRs whose GIs or EGIs are contained in the EGI

  def collecting_events_contained_in_error
    # find all the GIs and EGIs associated with CEs
    # TODO: this will be impossibly slow in present form
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.to_a

    me = self.error_geographic_items.first.geo_object
    gi = []
    # collect all the GIs which are within the EGI
    pieces.each { |o|
      gi.push(o) if o.geo_object.within?(me)
    }
    # collect all the CEs which refer to these GIs
    ce = []
    gi.each { |o|
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo Directly map this
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: ce.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # DEPRECATED for shared code
  # @param [String, String, Integer]
  # @return [Scope]
  def nearest_by_levenshtein(compared_string = nil, column = 'verbatim_locality', limit = 10)
    return CollectingEvent.none if compared_string.nil?
    order_str = CollectingEvent.send(:sanitize_sql_for_conditions, ["levenshtein(collecting_events.#{column}, ?)", compared_string])
    CollectingEvent.where('id <> ?', id.to_s).
      order(Arel.sql(order_str)).
      limit(limit)
  end

  # @param [String]
  #   one or more names from GeographicAreaType
  # @return [Hash]
  #    (
  #    {'name' => [GAs]}
  #   or
  #   [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}]
  #   )
  #     one hash, consisting of a country name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #     an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #     which are country_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @todo this needs more work, possibily direct AREL table manipulation.
  def name_hash(types)
    retval  = {}
    gi_list = containing_geographic_items

    # there are a few ways we can end up with no GIs
    # unless gi_list.nil? # no references GeographicAreas or Georeferences at all, or
    unless gi_list.empty? # no available GeographicItems to test
      # map the resulting GIs to their corresponding GAs
      # pieces  = GeographicItem.where(id: gi_list.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
      # pieces = gi_list
      ga_list = GeographicArea.joins(:geographic_area_type, :geographic_areas_geographic_items).
        where(geographic_area_types: {name: types},
              geographic_areas_geographic_items: {geographic_item_id: gi_list}).distinct

      # WAS: now find all of the GAs which have the same names as the ones we collected.

      # map the names to an array of results
      ga_list.each { |i|
        retval[i.name] ||= [] # if we haven't come across this name yet, set it to point to a blank array
        retval[i.name].push i # we now have at least a blank array, push the result into it
      }
    end
    # end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #   classifies this collecting event into country, state, county categories
  def geographic_name_classification
    # if names are stored in the database, and the the geographic_area_id has not changed
    if has_cached_geographic_names? && !geographic_area_id_changed?
      return cached_geographic_name_classification
    else
      r = get_geographic_name_classification
      cache_geographic_names(r, true)
    end
  end

  def get_geographic_name_classification
    case geographic_name_classification_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      # quick
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.quick_geographic_name_hierarchy # almost never the case, UI not setup to do this
      # slow
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {} # therefor defaults to slow
    when :geographic_area_with_shape # geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification # do not round trip to the geographic_item, it just points back to the geographic area
      # slow
      r = geographic_area.default_geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {}
    when :geographic_area # elsif geographic_area
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification
    when :verbatim_map_center # elsif map_center
      # slowest
      r = GeographicItem.point_inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy(verbatim_map_center)
    end
    r ||= {}
    r
  end

  def has_cached_geographic_names?
    cached_geographic_name_classification != {}
  end

  def cached_geographic_name_classification
    h = {}
    h[:country] = cached_level0_geographic_name if cached_level0_geographic_name
    h[:state] = cached_level1_geographic_name if cached_level1_geographic_name
    h[:county] = cached_level2_geographic_name if cached_level2_geographic_name
    h
  end

  def cache_geographic_names(values = {}, tried = false)
    # prevent a second call to get if we've already tried through
    values = get_geographic_name_classification if values.empty? && !tried
    return {} if values.empty?
    update_columns(
      cached_level0_geographic_name: values[:country],
      cached_level1_geographic_name: values[:state],
      cached_level2_geographic_name: values[:county]
    )
    values
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   determines (prioritizes) the method to be used to decided the geographic name classification
  #   (string labels for country, state, county) for this collecting_event.
  def geographic_name_classification_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference
    return :geographic_area_with_shape if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center
    nil
  end

  # @return [Array of GeographicItems containing this target]
  #   GeographicItems are those that contain either the georeference or, if there are none,
  #   the geographic area
  def containing_geographic_items
    gi_list = []
    if self.georeferences.any?
      # gather all the GIs which contain this GI or EGI
      #
      #  Struck EGI, EGI must contain GI, therefor anything that contains EGI contains GI, threfor containing GI will always be the bigger set
      #   !! and there was no tests broken
      # GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_items.to_a).pluck(:id).uniq
      gi_list = GeographicItem.containing(*geographic_items.pluck(:id)).pluck(:id).uniq

    else
      # use geographic_area only if there are no GIs or EGIs
      unless self.geographic_area.nil?
        # unless self.geographic_area.geographic_items.empty?
        # we need to use the geographic_area directly
        gi_list = GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_area.geographic_items).pluck(:id).uniq
        # end
      end
    end
    gi_list
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  def countries_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTRY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a state name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are state_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def states_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::STATE_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a county name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are county_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def counties_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # @param [Hash]
  # @return [String]
  def name_from_geopolitical_hash(name_hash)
    return nil if name_hash.keys.count == 0
    return name_hash.keys.first if name_hash.keys.count == 1
    most_key   = nil
    most_count = 0
    name_hash.keys.sort.each do |k| # alphabetically first (keys are unordered)
      if name_hash[k].size > most_count
        most_count = name_hash[k].size
        most_key   = k
      end
    end
    most_key
  end

  # @return [String]
  def country_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(countries_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_or_province_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(states_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_name
    state_or_province_name
  end

  # @return [String]
  def county_or_equivalent_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(counties_hash)
  end

  alias county_name county_or_equivalent_name

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   prioritizes and identifies the source of the latitude/longitude values that
  #   will be calculated for DWCA and primary display
  def lat_long_source
    if preferred_georeference
      :georeference
    elsif verbatim_latitude && verbatim_longitude
      :verbatim
    elsif geographic_area && geographic_area.has_shape?
      :geographic_area
    else
      nil
    end
  end

=begin

# @todo @mjy: please fill in any other paths you can think of for the acquisition of information for the seven below listed items
  ce.georeference.geographic_item.centroid
  ce.georeference.error_geographic_item.centroid
  ce.verbatim_georeference
  ce.preferred_georeference
  ce.georeference.first
  ce.verbatim_lat/ee.verbatim_lng
  ce.verbatim_locality
  ce.geographic_area.geographic_item.centroid

  There are a number of items we can try to get data for to complete the geolocate parameter string:

  'country' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.country_name

  'state' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.state_or_province_name

  'county' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.county_or_equivalent_name

  'locality' can come from:
    ce.verbatim_locality

  'Latitude', 'Longitude' can come from:
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.error_geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicArea through ce.geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus

  'Placename' can come from:
    ? Copy of 'locality'
=end

  # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
  # @return [Hash]
  #   parameters from collecting event that are of use to geolocate
  def geolocate_attributes
    parameters = {
      'country'   => country_name,
      'state'     => state_or_province_name,
      'county'    => county_or_equivalent_name,
      'locality'  => verbatim_locality,
      'Placename' => verbatim_locality,
    }

    focus = case lat_long_source
            when :georeference
              preferred_georeference.geographic_item
            when :geographic_area
              geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus
            else
              nil
            end

    parameters.merge!(
      'Longitude' => focus.point.x,
      'Latitude'  => focus.point.y
    ) unless focus.nil?
    parameters
  end

  def latitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:y)
  end

  def longitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:x)
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #    a complete set of params necessary to form a request string
  def geolocate_ui_params
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_hash
  end

  # @return [String]
  def geolocate_ui_params_string
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_string
  end

  # @return [GeoJSON::Feature]
  #   the first geographic item of the first georeference on this collecting event
  def to_geo_json_feature
    # !! avoid loading the whole geographic item, just grab the bits we need:
    # self.georeferences(true)  # do this to
    to_simple_json_feature.merge({
                                   'properties' => {
                                     'collecting_event' => {
                                       'id'  => self.id,
                                       'tag' => "Collecting event #{self.id}."
                                     }
                                   }
                                 })
  end

  # TODO: parametrize to include gazeteer
  #   i.e. geographic_areas_geogrpahic_items.where( gaz = 'some string')
  def to_simple_json_feature
    base = {
      'type'       => 'Feature',
      'properties' => {}
    }

    if geographic_items.any?
      geo_item_id      = geographic_items.select(:id).first.id
      query = "ST_AsGeoJSON(#{GeographicItem::GEOMETRY_SQL.to_sql}::geometry) geo_json"
      base['geometry'] = JSON.parse(GeographicItem.select(query).find(geo_item_id).geo_json)
    end
    base
  end

  # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   return the next collecting event without a georeference in this collecting events project sort order
  #   1.  verbatim_locality
  #   2.  geography_id
  #   3.  start_date_year
  #   4.  updated_on
  #   5.  id
  def next_without_georeference
    CollectingEvent.not_including(self).
      includes(:georeferences).
      where(project_id: self.project_id, georeferences: {collecting_event_id: nil}).
      order(:verbatim_locality, :geographic_area_id, :start_date_year, :updated_at, :id).
      first
  end

  # @param [Float] delta_z, will be used to fill in the z coordinate of the point
  # @return [RGeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  #   for the *verbatim* latitude/longitude only
  def verbatim_map_center(delta_z = 0.0)
    retval = nil
    unless verbatim_latitude.blank? or verbatim_longitude.blank?
      lat  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude.to_s)
      long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude.to_s)
      elev = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation.to_s).to_f
      delta_z = elev unless elev == 0.0 # Meh, BAD! must be nil
      retval  = Gis::FACTORY.point(long, lat, delta_z)
    end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   the name of the method that will return an Rgeo object that represent
  #   the "preferred" centroid for this collecting event
  def map_center_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference # => { georeferenceProtocol => ?  }
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center # => { }
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Rgeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  def map_center
    case map_center_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      preferred_georeference.geographic_item.centroid
    when :verbatim_map_center
      verbatim_map_center
    when :geographic_area
      geographic_area.default_geographic_item.geo_object.centroid
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  def names
    geographic_area.nil? ? [] : geographic_area.self_and_ancestors.where("name != 'Earth'").collect { |ga| ga.name }
  end

  def georeference_latitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].latitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  def georeference_longitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].longitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   coordinates for centering a Google map
  def verbatim_center_coordinates
    if self.verbatim_latitude.blank? || self.verbatim_longitude.blank?
      'POINT (0.0 0.0 0.0)'
    else
      self.verbatim_map_center.to_s
    end
  end

  def level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  def level1_name
    return cached_level1_name if cached_level1_name
    cache_geographic_names[:state]
  end

  def level2_name
    return cached_level2_name if cached_level2_name
    cache_geographic_names[:county]
  end

  def cached_level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   the instance may not be valid!
  def clone
    a = dup
    a.verbatim_label = [verbatim_label, "[CLONED FROM #{id}", "at #{Time.now}]"].compact.join(' ')

    roles.each do |r|
      a.collector_roles.build(person: r.person, position: r.position)
    end

    if georeferences.load.any?
      not_georeference_attributes = %w{created_at updated_at project_id updated_by_id created_by_id collecting_event_id id position}
      georeferences.each do |g|
        c = g.dup.attributes.select{|c| !not_georeference_attributes.include?(c) }
        a.georeferences.build(c)
      end
    end

    a.save
    a
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   a string used in DWC reportedBy and ultimately label generation
  #   TODO: include initials when we find out a clean way of producing them
  # yes, it's a Helper
  def collector_names
    [Utilities::Strings.authorship_sentence(collectors.collect{|a| a.last_name}), verbatim_collectors].compact.first
  end

  protected

  def set_cached
    v = [verbatim_label, print_label, document_label].compact.first
    if v
      string = v
    else
      name = cached_geographic_name_classification.values.join(': ')
      date = [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact.join('-')
      place_date = [verbatim_locality, date].compact.join(', ')
      string = [name, place_date, verbatim_collectors, verbatim_method].reject{|a| a.blank? }.join("\n")
    end

    string = "[#{id}]" if string.blank?

    update_columns(cached: string)
  end

  def set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank
    matches = ['0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC', '2000-01-01 00:00:00 UTC']
    write_attribute(:time_start, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_start.to_s)
    write_attribute(:time_end, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_end.to_s)
  end

  def check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty
    errors.add(:verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty, 'Provide both verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude if you provide verbatim_uncertainty.') if !verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank? && verbatim_longitude.blank? && verbatim_latitude.blank?
  end

  def check_date_range
    begin
      errors.add(:base, 'End date is earlier than start date.') if has_start_date? && has_end_date? && (start_date > end_date)
    rescue
      errors.add(:base, 'Start and/or end date invalid.')
    end
    errors.add(:base, 'End date without start date.') if (has_end_date? && !has_start_date?)
  end

  def check_ma_range
    errors.add(:min_ma, 'Min ma is < Max ma.') if min_ma.present? && max_ma.present? && min_ma > max_ma
  end

  def check_elevation_range
    errors.add(:maximum_elevation, 'Maximum elevation is lower than minimum elevation.') if !minimum_elevation.blank? && !maximum_elevation.blank? && maximum_elevation < minimum_elevation
  end

  def sv_georeference_matches_verbatim
    if a = georeferences.where(type: 'Georeference::VerbatimData').first
      d_lat = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude).to_f
      d_long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude).to_f
      if (a.latitude.to_f !=  d_lat)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim latitude #{verbatim_latitude}: (#{d_lat}) and point geoference latitude #{a.latitude} do not match")
      end
      if (a.longitude.to_f != d_long)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim longitude #{verbatim_longitude}: (#{d_long}) and point geoference longitude #{a.longitude} do not match")
      end
    end
  end

  def sv_minimally_check_for_a_label
    [:verbatim_label, :print_label, :document_label, :field_notes].each do |v|
      return true if !self.send(v).blank?
    end
    soft_validations.add(:base, 'At least one label type, or field notes, should be provided.')
  end

end

#cached_level2_geographic_name ⇒ `String`^?

Returns the auto-calculated level2 value (e.g. county) drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied.

Returns:

(String, nil) —

the auto-calculated level2 value (e.g. county) drawn from GeographicNames, never directly user supplied

# File 'app/models/collecting_event.rb', line 179

class CollectingEvent < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::DataAttributes
  include Shared::HasRoles
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::Depictions
  include Shared::Labels
  include Shared::Confidences
  include Shared::Documentation
  include Shared::HasPapertrail
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  ignore_whitespace_on(:document_label, :verbatim_label, :print_label)

  NEARBY_DISTANCE = 5000

  attr_accessor :with_verbatim_data_georeference

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   When true, will not rebuild dwc_occurrence index.
  #   See also Shared::IsDwcOccurrence
  attr_accessor :no_dwc_occurrence

  # @return [Boolean]
  #  When true, cached values are not built
  attr_accessor :no_cached

  # handle_asynchronously :update_dwc_occurrences, run_at: Proc.new { 20.seconds.from_now }

  belongs_to :geographic_area, inverse_of: :collecting_events

  has_one :accession_provider_role, class_name: 'AccessionProvider', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :deaccession_recipient_role, class_name: 'DeaccessionRecipient', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :verbatim_data_georeference, class_name: 'Georeference::VerbatimData'
  has_one :preferred_georeference, -> { order(:position) }, class_name: 'Georeference', foreign_key: :collecting_event_id

  has_many :collection_objects, inverse_of: :collecting_event, dependent: :restrict_with_error
  has_many :collector_roles, class_name: 'Collector', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_many :collectors, through: :collector_roles, source: :person, inverse_of: :collecting_events
  has_many :dwc_occurrences, through: :collection_objects
  has_many :georeferences, dependent: :destroy, inverse_of: :collecting_event
  has_many :error_geographic_items, through: :georeferences, source: :error_geographic_item
  has_many :geographic_items, through: :georeferences # See also all_geographic_items, the union
  has_many :geo_locate_georeferences, class_name: '::Georeference::GeoLocate', dependent: :destroy
  has_many :gpx_georeferences, class_name: 'Georeference::GPX', dependent: :destroy

  has_many :otus, through: :collection_objects

  after_create do
    if with_verbatim_data_georeference
      generate_verbatim_data_georeference(true)
    end
  end

  before_save :set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank

  after_save :cache_geographic_names, if: -> { !no_cached && saved_change_to_attribute?(:geographic_area_id) }
  after_save :set_cached, unless: -> { no_cached }
  after_save :update_dwc_occurrences , unless: -> { no_dwc_occurrence }

  def update_dwc_occurrences
    # reload is required!
    if collection_objects.count < 40
      collection_objects.reload.each do |o|
        o.set_dwc_occurrence
      end
    end
  end

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :verbatim_data_georeference
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :geo_locate_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :gpx_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :collectors, :collector_roles, allow_destroy: true

  validate :check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty,
           :check_date_range,
           :check_elevation_range,
           :check_ma_range

  validates_uniqueness_of :md5_of_verbatim_label, scope: [:project_id], unless: -> { verbatim_label.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_longitude, if: -> { !verbatim_latitude.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_latitude, if: -> { !verbatim_longitude.blank? }

  validates :geographic_area, presence: true, allow_nil: true

  validates :time_start_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_start_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_start_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_start_minute, if: -> { !self.time_start_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_start_hour, if: -> { !self.time_start_minute.blank? }

  validates :time_end_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_end_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_end_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_end_minute, if: -> { !self.time_end_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_end_hour, if: -> { !self.time_end_minute.blank? }

  validates :start_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}
  validates :end_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}

  validates :start_date_month, date_month: true
  validates :end_date_month, date_month: true

  validates_presence_of :start_date_month, if: -> { !start_date_day.nil? }
  validates_presence_of :end_date_month, if: -> { !end_date_day.nil? }

  validates :end_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :end_date_year, month_sym: :end_date_month},
            unless: -> { end_date_year.nil? || end_date_month.nil? }

  validates :start_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :start_date_year, month_sym: :start_date_month},
    unless: -> { start_date_year.nil? || start_date_month.nil? }

  soft_validate(:sv_minimally_check_for_a_label)
  soft_validate(:sv_georeference_matches_verbatim, set: :georeference)

  # @param [String]
  def verbatim_label=(value)
    write_attribute(:verbatim_label, value)
    write_attribute(:md5_of_verbatim_label, Utilities::Strings.generate_md5(value))
  end

  scope :used_recently, -> { joins(:collection_objects).includes(:collection_objects).where(collection_objects: { created_at: 1.weeks.ago..Time.now } ).order('"collection_objects"."created_at" DESC') }
  scope :used_in_project, -> (project_id) { joins(:collection_objects).where( collection_objects: { project_id: project_id } ) }

  class << self

    #
    # Scopes
    #

    def select_optimized(user_id, project_id)
      h = {
        recent: (CollectingEvent.used_in_project(project_id)
          .where(collection_objects: {updated_by_id: user_id})
          .used_recently
          .distinct
          .limit(5)
          .order(:cached)
          .to_a +
        CollectingEvent.where(project_id: project_id, updated_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now).limit(5).to_a).uniq,
        pinboard: CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a
      }

      h[:quick] = (CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a  +
          h[:recent]).uniq
      h
    end

    # @param [GeographicItem] geographic_item
    # @return [Scope]
    # TODO: use joins(:geographic_items).where(containing scope), simplied to
    def contained_within(geographic_item)
      CollectingEvent.joins(:geographic_items).where(GeographicItem.contained_by_where_sql(geographic_item.id))
    end

    # @param [CollectingEvent Scope] collecting_events
    # @return [Scope] without self (if included)
    # TODO: DRY, use general form of this
    def not_including(collecting_events)
      where.not(id: collecting_events)
    end

    #
    # Other
    #

    # @param [String] search_start_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] search_end_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] partial_overlap 'on' or 'off'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting events
    # TODO: remove all of this for direct call to Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter
    def in_date_range(search_start_date: nil, search_end_date: nil, partial_overlap: 'on')
      allow_partial = (partial_overlap.downcase == 'off' ? false : true)
      q = Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter.new(start_date: search_start_date, end_date: search_end_date, partial_overlap_dates: allow_partial)
      where(q.between_date_range.to_sql).distinct # TODO: uniq should likely not be here
    end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params in the style Rails of 'params'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting_events
    # TODO: deprecate for lib/queries/collecting_event
    def filter_by(params)
      sql_string = ''
      unless params.blank? # not strictly necessary, but handy for debugging
        sql_string = Utilities::Dates.date_sql_from_params(params)

        # processing text data
        v_locality_fragment = params['verbatim_locality_text']
        any_label_fragment  = params['any_label_text']
        id_fragment = params['identifier_text']

        prefix = ''
        unless v_locality_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = ' and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }verbatim_locality ilike '%#{v_locality_fragment}%'"
        end
        prefix = ''
        unless any_label_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = 'and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }(verbatim_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or print_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or document_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += ')'
        end

        unless id_fragment.blank?
          # @todo this still needs to be dealt with
        end

      end
      # find the records
      if sql_string.blank?
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.none
      else
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.where(sql_string).distinct
      end

      collecting_events
    end
  end # end Class methods

  # @param [String] lat
  # @param [String] long
  # @param [String] piece
  # @param [Integer] project_id
  # @param [Boolean] include_values true if to include records whicgh already have verbatim lat/longs
  # @return [Scope] of matching collecting events
  #   TODO: deprecate
  def similar_lat_longs(lat, long, project_id, piece = '', include_values = true)
    sql = '('
    sql += "verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(lat)}%'" unless lat.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(long)}%'" unless long.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(piece)}%'" unless piece.blank?
    sql += ')'
    sql += ' and (verbatim_latitude is null or verbatim_longitude is null)' unless include_values

    retval = CollectingEvent.where(sql)
      .with_project_id(project_id)
      .order(:id)
      .where.not(id: id).distinct
    retval
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_data?
    CollectingEvent.data_attributes.each do |a|
      return true unless self.send(a).blank?
    end
    return true if georeferences.any?
    false
  end

  def has_some_date?
    !verbatim_date.blank? || some_start_date? || some_end_date?
  end

  def has_collectors?
    !verbatim_collectors.blank? || collectors.any?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_start_date?
    !start_date_day.blank? && !start_date_month.blank? && !start_date_year.blank?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_end_date?
    !end_date_day.blank? && !end_date_month.blank? && !end_date_year.blank?
  end

  def some_start_date?
    [start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  def some_end_date?
    [end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def start_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(start_date_year, start_date_month, start_date_day) if some_start_date?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def end_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(end_date_year, end_date_month, end_date_day) if some_end_date?
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def end_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year)
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def start_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_start
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_start_hour, time_start_minute, time_start_second)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_end
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_end_hour, time_end_minute, time_end_second)
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   time_start and end if provided
  def time_range
    [time_start, time_end].compact
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   date_start and end if provided
  def date_range
    [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact
  end

  # CollectingEvent.select {|d| !(d.verbatim_latitude.nil? || d.verbatim_longitude.nil?)}
  # .select {|ce| ce.georeferences.empty?}
  # @param [Boolean] reference_self
  # @param [Boolean] no_cached
  # @return [Georeference::VerbatimData, false]
  #   generates (creates) a Georeference::VerbatimReference from verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude values
  def generate_verbatim_data_georeference(reference_self = false, no_cached: false)
    return false if (verbatim_latitude.nil? || verbatim_longitude.nil?)
    begin
      CollectingEvent.transaction do
        vg_attributes = {collecting_event_id: id.to_s, no_cached: no_cached}
        vg_attributes.merge!(by: creator.id, project_id: project_id) if reference_self
        a = Georeference::VerbatimData.new(vg_attributes)
        if a.valid?
          a.save
        end
        return a
      end
    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid # TODO: rescue only something!!
      raise
    end
    false
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #    a GeographicItem instance representing a translation of the verbatim values, not saved
  def build_verbatim_geographic_item
    if self.verbatim_latitude && self.verbatim_longitude && !self.new_record?
      local_latitude  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude)
      local_longitude = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude)
      elev            = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation).to_f
      point           = Gis::FACTORY.point(local_latitude, local_longitude, elev)
      GeographicItem.new(point: point)
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  # @return [Integer]
  # @todo figure out how to convert verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty in different units (ft, m, km, mi) into meters
  # @TODO: See Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(String)
  def get_error_radius
    return nil if verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank?
    return verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.to_i if is.number?(verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  #   all geographic_items associated with this collecting_event through georeferences only
  def all_geographic_items
    GeographicItem.
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g2 ON geographic_items.id = g2.error_geographic_item_id').
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g1 ON geographic_items.id = g1.geographic_item_id').
      where(['(g1.collecting_event_id = ? OR g2.collecting_event_id = ?) AND (g1.geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL OR g2.error_geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL)', self.id, self.id])
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #  returns the geographic_item corresponding to the geographic area, if provided
  def geographic_area_default_geographic_item
    try(:geographic_area).try(:default_geographic_item)
  end

  # @param [GeographicItem]
  # @return [String]
  #   see how far away we are from another gi
  def distance_to(geographic_item_id)
    GeographicItem.distance_between(preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id, geographic_item_id)
  end

  # @param [Double] distance in meters
  # @return [Scope]
  def collecting_events_within_radius_of(distance)
    return CollectingEvent.none if !preferred_georeference
    geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id
    # geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.try(:geographic_item_id)
    # geographic_item_id = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: id).first.geographic_item_id if geographic_item_id.nil?
    CollectingEvent.not_self(self)
      .joins(:geographic_items)
      .where(GeographicItem.within_radius_of_item_sql(geographic_item_id, distance))
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find all (other) CEs which have GIs or EGIs (through georeferences) which intersect self
  def collecting_events_intersecting_with
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.intersecting('any', self.geographic_items.first).distinct
    gr     = [] # all collecting events for a geographic_item

    pieces.each { |o|
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo change 'id in (?)' to some other sql construct
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: gr.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find other CEs that have GRs whose GIs or EGIs are contained in the EGI

  def collecting_events_contained_in_error
    # find all the GIs and EGIs associated with CEs
    # TODO: this will be impossibly slow in present form
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.to_a

    me = self.error_geographic_items.first.geo_object
    gi = []
    # collect all the GIs which are within the EGI
    pieces.each { |o|
      gi.push(o) if o.geo_object.within?(me)
    }
    # collect all the CEs which refer to these GIs
    ce = []
    gi.each { |o|
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo Directly map this
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: ce.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # DEPRECATED for shared code
  # @param [String, String, Integer]
  # @return [Scope]
  def nearest_by_levenshtein(compared_string = nil, column = 'verbatim_locality', limit = 10)
    return CollectingEvent.none if compared_string.nil?
    order_str = CollectingEvent.send(:sanitize_sql_for_conditions, ["levenshtein(collecting_events.#{column}, ?)", compared_string])
    CollectingEvent.where('id <> ?', id.to_s).
      order(Arel.sql(order_str)).
      limit(limit)
  end

  # @param [String]
  #   one or more names from GeographicAreaType
  # @return [Hash]
  #    (
  #    {'name' => [GAs]}
  #   or
  #   [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}]
  #   )
  #     one hash, consisting of a country name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #     an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #     which are country_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @todo this needs more work, possibily direct AREL table manipulation.
  def name_hash(types)
    retval  = {}
    gi_list = containing_geographic_items

    # there are a few ways we can end up with no GIs
    # unless gi_list.nil? # no references GeographicAreas or Georeferences at all, or
    unless gi_list.empty? # no available GeographicItems to test
      # map the resulting GIs to their corresponding GAs
      # pieces  = GeographicItem.where(id: gi_list.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
      # pieces = gi_list
      ga_list = GeographicArea.joins(:geographic_area_type, :geographic_areas_geographic_items).
        where(geographic_area_types: {name: types},
              geographic_areas_geographic_items: {geographic_item_id: gi_list}).distinct

      # WAS: now find all of the GAs which have the same names as the ones we collected.

      # map the names to an array of results
      ga_list.each { |i|
        retval[i.name] ||= [] # if we haven't come across this name yet, set it to point to a blank array
        retval[i.name].push i # we now have at least a blank array, push the result into it
      }
    end
    # end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #   classifies this collecting event into country, state, county categories
  def geographic_name_classification
    # if names are stored in the database, and the the geographic_area_id has not changed
    if has_cached_geographic_names? && !geographic_area_id_changed?
      return cached_geographic_name_classification
    else
      r = get_geographic_name_classification
      cache_geographic_names(r, true)
    end
  end

  def get_geographic_name_classification
    case geographic_name_classification_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      # quick
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.quick_geographic_name_hierarchy # almost never the case, UI not setup to do this
      # slow
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {} # therefor defaults to slow
    when :geographic_area_with_shape # geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification # do not round trip to the geographic_item, it just points back to the geographic area
      # slow
      r = geographic_area.default_geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {}
    when :geographic_area # elsif geographic_area
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification
    when :verbatim_map_center # elsif map_center
      # slowest
      r = GeographicItem.point_inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy(verbatim_map_center)
    end
    r ||= {}
    r
  end

  def has_cached_geographic_names?
    cached_geographic_name_classification != {}
  end

  def cached_geographic_name_classification
    h = {}
    h[:country] = cached_level0_geographic_name if cached_level0_geographic_name
    h[:state] = cached_level1_geographic_name if cached_level1_geographic_name
    h[:county] = cached_level2_geographic_name if cached_level2_geographic_name
    h
  end

  def cache_geographic_names(values = {}, tried = false)
    # prevent a second call to get if we've already tried through
    values = get_geographic_name_classification if values.empty? && !tried
    return {} if values.empty?
    update_columns(
      cached_level0_geographic_name: values[:country],
      cached_level1_geographic_name: values[:state],
      cached_level2_geographic_name: values[:county]
    )
    values
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   determines (prioritizes) the method to be used to decided the geographic name classification
  #   (string labels for country, state, county) for this collecting_event.
  def geographic_name_classification_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference
    return :geographic_area_with_shape if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center
    nil
  end

  # @return [Array of GeographicItems containing this target]
  #   GeographicItems are those that contain either the georeference or, if there are none,
  #   the geographic area
  def containing_geographic_items
    gi_list = []
    if self.georeferences.any?
      # gather all the GIs which contain this GI or EGI
      #
      #  Struck EGI, EGI must contain GI, therefor anything that contains EGI contains GI, threfor containing GI will always be the bigger set
      #   !! and there was no tests broken
      # GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_items.to_a).pluck(:id).uniq
      gi_list = GeographicItem.containing(*geographic_items.pluck(:id)).pluck(:id).uniq

    else
      # use geographic_area only if there are no GIs or EGIs
      unless self.geographic_area.nil?
        # unless self.geographic_area.geographic_items.empty?
        # we need to use the geographic_area directly
        gi_list = GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_area.geographic_items).pluck(:id).uniq
        # end
      end
    end
    gi_list
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  def countries_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTRY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a state name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are state_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def states_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::STATE_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a county name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are county_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def counties_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # @param [Hash]
  # @return [String]
  def name_from_geopolitical_hash(name_hash)
    return nil if name_hash.keys.count == 0
    return name_hash.keys.first if name_hash.keys.count == 1
    most_key   = nil
    most_count = 0
    name_hash.keys.sort.each do |k| # alphabetically first (keys are unordered)
      if name_hash[k].size > most_count
        most_count = name_hash[k].size
        most_key   = k
      end
    end
    most_key
  end

  # @return [String]
  def country_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(countries_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_or_province_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(states_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_name
    state_or_province_name
  end

  # @return [String]
  def county_or_equivalent_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(counties_hash)
  end

  alias county_name county_or_equivalent_name

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   prioritizes and identifies the source of the latitude/longitude values that
  #   will be calculated for DWCA and primary display
  def lat_long_source
    if preferred_georeference
      :georeference
    elsif verbatim_latitude && verbatim_longitude
      :verbatim
    elsif geographic_area && geographic_area.has_shape?
      :geographic_area
    else
      nil
    end
  end

=begin

# @todo @mjy: please fill in any other paths you can think of for the acquisition of information for the seven below listed items
  ce.georeference.geographic_item.centroid
  ce.georeference.error_geographic_item.centroid
  ce.verbatim_georeference
  ce.preferred_georeference
  ce.georeference.first
  ce.verbatim_lat/ee.verbatim_lng
  ce.verbatim_locality
  ce.geographic_area.geographic_item.centroid

  There are a number of items we can try to get data for to complete the geolocate parameter string:

  'country' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.country_name

  'state' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.state_or_province_name

  'county' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.county_or_equivalent_name

  'locality' can come from:
    ce.verbatim_locality

  'Latitude', 'Longitude' can come from:
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.error_geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicArea through ce.geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus

  'Placename' can come from:
    ? Copy of 'locality'
=end

  # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
  # @return [Hash]
  #   parameters from collecting event that are of use to geolocate
  def geolocate_attributes
    parameters = {
      'country'   => country_name,
      'state'     => state_or_province_name,
      'county'    => county_or_equivalent_name,
      'locality'  => verbatim_locality,
      'Placename' => verbatim_locality,
    }

    focus = case lat_long_source
            when :georeference
              preferred_georeference.geographic_item
            when :geographic_area
              geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus
            else
              nil
            end

    parameters.merge!(
      'Longitude' => focus.point.x,
      'Latitude'  => focus.point.y
    ) unless focus.nil?
    parameters
  end

  def latitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:y)
  end

  def longitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:x)
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #    a complete set of params necessary to form a request string
  def geolocate_ui_params
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_hash
  end

  # @return [String]
  def geolocate_ui_params_string
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_string
  end

  # @return [GeoJSON::Feature]
  #   the first geographic item of the first georeference on this collecting event
  def to_geo_json_feature
    # !! avoid loading the whole geographic item, just grab the bits we need:
    # self.georeferences(true)  # do this to
    to_simple_json_feature.merge({
                                   'properties' => {
                                     'collecting_event' => {
                                       'id'  => self.id,
                                       'tag' => "Collecting event #{self.id}."
                                     }
                                   }
                                 })
  end

  # TODO: parametrize to include gazeteer
  #   i.e. geographic_areas_geogrpahic_items.where( gaz = 'some string')
  def to_simple_json_feature
    base = {
      'type'       => 'Feature',
      'properties' => {}
    }

    if geographic_items.any?
      geo_item_id      = geographic_items.select(:id).first.id
      query = "ST_AsGeoJSON(#{GeographicItem::GEOMETRY_SQL.to_sql}::geometry) geo_json"
      base['geometry'] = JSON.parse(GeographicItem.select(query).find(geo_item_id).geo_json)
    end
    base
  end

  # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   return the next collecting event without a georeference in this collecting events project sort order
  #   1.  verbatim_locality
  #   2.  geography_id
  #   3.  start_date_year
  #   4.  updated_on
  #   5.  id
  def next_without_georeference
    CollectingEvent.not_including(self).
      includes(:georeferences).
      where(project_id: self.project_id, georeferences: {collecting_event_id: nil}).
      order(:verbatim_locality, :geographic_area_id, :start_date_year, :updated_at, :id).
      first
  end

  # @param [Float] delta_z, will be used to fill in the z coordinate of the point
  # @return [RGeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  #   for the *verbatim* latitude/longitude only
  def verbatim_map_center(delta_z = 0.0)
    retval = nil
    unless verbatim_latitude.blank? or verbatim_longitude.blank?
      lat  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude.to_s)
      long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude.to_s)
      elev = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation.to_s).to_f
      delta_z = elev unless elev == 0.0 # Meh, BAD! must be nil
      retval  = Gis::FACTORY.point(long, lat, delta_z)
    end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   the name of the method that will return an Rgeo object that represent
  #   the "preferred" centroid for this collecting event
  def map_center_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference # => { georeferenceProtocol => ?  }
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center # => { }
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Rgeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  def map_center
    case map_center_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      preferred_georeference.geographic_item.centroid
    when :verbatim_map_center
      verbatim_map_center
    when :geographic_area
      geographic_area.default_geographic_item.geo_object.centroid
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  def names
    geographic_area.nil? ? [] : geographic_area.self_and_ancestors.where("name != 'Earth'").collect { |ga| ga.name }
  end

  def georeference_latitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].latitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  def georeference_longitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].longitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   coordinates for centering a Google map
  def verbatim_center_coordinates
    if self.verbatim_latitude.blank? || self.verbatim_longitude.blank?
      'POINT (0.0 0.0 0.0)'
    else
      self.verbatim_map_center.to_s
    end
  end

  def level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  def level1_name
    return cached_level1_name if cached_level1_name
    cache_geographic_names[:state]
  end

  def level2_name
    return cached_level2_name if cached_level2_name
    cache_geographic_names[:county]
  end

  def cached_level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   the instance may not be valid!
  def clone
    a = dup
    a.verbatim_label = [verbatim_label, "[CLONED FROM #{id}", "at #{Time.now}]"].compact.join(' ')

    roles.each do |r|
      a.collector_roles.build(person: r.person, position: r.position)
    end

    if georeferences.load.any?
      not_georeference_attributes = %w{created_at updated_at project_id updated_by_id created_by_id collecting_event_id id position}
      georeferences.each do |g|
        c = g.dup.attributes.select{|c| !not_georeference_attributes.include?(c) }
        a.georeferences.build(c)
      end
    end

    a.save
    a
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   a string used in DWC reportedBy and ultimately label generation
  #   TODO: include initials when we find out a clean way of producing them
  # yes, it's a Helper
  def collector_names
    [Utilities::Strings.authorship_sentence(collectors.collect{|a| a.last_name}), verbatim_collectors].compact.first
  end

  protected

  def set_cached
    v = [verbatim_label, print_label, document_label].compact.first
    if v
      string = v
    else
      name = cached_geographic_name_classification.values.join(': ')
      date = [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact.join('-')
      place_date = [verbatim_locality, date].compact.join(', ')
      string = [name, place_date, verbatim_collectors, verbatim_method].reject{|a| a.blank? }.join("\n")
    end

    string = "[#{id}]" if string.blank?

    update_columns(cached: string)
  end

  def set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank
    matches = ['0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC', '2000-01-01 00:00:00 UTC']
    write_attribute(:time_start, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_start.to_s)
    write_attribute(:time_end, nil) if matches.include?(self.time_end.to_s)
  end

  def check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty
    errors.add(:verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty, 'Provide both verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude if you provide verbatim_uncertainty.') if !verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank? && verbatim_longitude.blank? && verbatim_latitude.blank?
  end

  def check_date_range
    begin
      errors.add(:base, 'End date is earlier than start date.') if has_start_date? && has_end_date? && (start_date > end_date)
    rescue
      errors.add(:base, 'Start and/or end date invalid.')
    end
    errors.add(:base, 'End date without start date.') if (has_end_date? && !has_start_date?)
  end

  def check_ma_range
    errors.add(:min_ma, 'Min ma is < Max ma.') if min_ma.present? && max_ma.present? && min_ma > max_ma
  end

  def check_elevation_range
    errors.add(:maximum_elevation, 'Maximum elevation is lower than minimum elevation.') if !minimum_elevation.blank? && !maximum_elevation.blank? && maximum_elevation < minimum_elevation
  end

  def sv_georeference_matches_verbatim
    if a = georeferences.where(type: 'Georeference::VerbatimData').first
      d_lat = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude).to_f
      d_long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude).to_f
      if (a.latitude.to_f !=  d_lat)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim latitude #{verbatim_latitude}: (#{d_lat}) and point geoference latitude #{a.latitude} do not match")
      end
      if (a.longitude.to_f != d_long)
        soft_validations.add(
          :base,
          "Verbatim longitude #{verbatim_longitude}: (#{d_long}) and point geoference longitude #{a.longitude} do not match")
      end
    end
  end

  def sv_minimally_check_for_a_label
    [:verbatim_label, :print_label, :document_label, :field_notes].each do |v|
      return true if !self.send(v).blank?
    end
    soft_validations.add(:base, 'At least one label type, or field notes, should be provided.')
  end

end

#document_label ⇒ `String`

A print-ready expanded/clarified version of a verbatim_label intended to clarify interpretation of that label. To be used, for example, when reporting Holotype labels.

Returns:

(String)

# File 'app/models/collecting_event.rb', line 179

class CollectingEvent < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::DataAttributes
  include Shared::HasRoles
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::Depictions
  include Shared::Labels
  include Shared::Confidences
  include Shared::Documentation
  include Shared::HasPapertrail
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  ignore_whitespace_on(:document_label, :verbatim_label, :print_label)

  NEARBY_DISTANCE = 5000

  attr_accessor :with_verbatim_data_georeference

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   When true, will not rebuild dwc_occurrence index.
  #   See also Shared::IsDwcOccurrence
  attr_accessor :no_dwc_occurrence

  # @return [Boolean]
  #  When true, cached values are not built
  attr_accessor :no_cached

  # handle_asynchronously :update_dwc_occurrences, run_at: Proc.new { 20.seconds.from_now }

  belongs_to :geographic_area, inverse_of: :collecting_events

  has_one :accession_provider_role, class_name: 'AccessionProvider', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :deaccession_recipient_role, class_name: 'DeaccessionRecipient', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_one :verbatim_data_georeference, class_name: 'Georeference::VerbatimData'
  has_one :preferred_georeference, -> { order(:position) }, class_name: 'Georeference', foreign_key: :collecting_event_id

  has_many :collection_objects, inverse_of: :collecting_event, dependent: :restrict_with_error
  has_many :collector_roles, class_name: 'Collector', as: :role_object, dependent: :destroy
  has_many :collectors, through: :collector_roles, source: :person, inverse_of: :collecting_events
  has_many :dwc_occurrences, through: :collection_objects
  has_many :georeferences, dependent: :destroy, inverse_of: :collecting_event
  has_many :error_geographic_items, through: :georeferences, source: :error_geographic_item
  has_many :geographic_items, through: :georeferences # See also all_geographic_items, the union
  has_many :geo_locate_georeferences, class_name: '::Georeference::GeoLocate', dependent: :destroy
  has_many :gpx_georeferences, class_name: 'Georeference::GPX', dependent: :destroy

  has_many :otus, through: :collection_objects

  after_create do
    if with_verbatim_data_georeference
      generate_verbatim_data_georeference(true)
    end
  end

  before_save :set_times_to_nil_if_form_provided_blank

  after_save :cache_geographic_names, if: -> { !no_cached && saved_change_to_attribute?(:geographic_area_id) }
  after_save :set_cached, unless: -> { no_cached }
  after_save :update_dwc_occurrences , unless: -> { no_dwc_occurrence }

  def update_dwc_occurrences
    # reload is required!
    if collection_objects.count < 40
      collection_objects.reload.each do |o|
        o.set_dwc_occurrence
      end
    end
  end

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :verbatim_data_georeference
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :geo_locate_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :gpx_georeferences
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :collectors, :collector_roles, allow_destroy: true

  validate :check_verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty,
           :check_date_range,
           :check_elevation_range,
           :check_ma_range

  validates_uniqueness_of :md5_of_verbatim_label, scope: [:project_id], unless: -> { verbatim_label.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_longitude, if: -> { !verbatim_latitude.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :verbatim_latitude, if: -> { !verbatim_longitude.blank? }

  validates :geographic_area, presence: true, allow_nil: true

  validates :time_start_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_start_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_start_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_start_minute, if: -> { !self.time_start_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_start_hour, if: -> { !self.time_start_minute.blank? }

  validates :time_end_hour, time_hour: true
  validates :time_end_minute, time_minute: true
  validates :time_end_second, time_second: true

  validates_presence_of :time_end_minute, if: -> { !self.time_end_second.blank? }
  validates_presence_of :time_end_hour, if: -> { !self.time_end_minute.blank? }

  validates :start_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}
  validates :end_date_year, date_year: {min_year: 1000, max_year: Time.now.year + 5}

  validates :start_date_month, date_month: true
  validates :end_date_month, date_month: true

  validates_presence_of :start_date_month, if: -> { !start_date_day.nil? }
  validates_presence_of :end_date_month, if: -> { !end_date_day.nil? }

  validates :end_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :end_date_year, month_sym: :end_date_month},
            unless: -> { end_date_year.nil? || end_date_month.nil? }

  validates :start_date_day, date_day: {year_sym: :start_date_year, month_sym: :start_date_month},
    unless: -> { start_date_year.nil? || start_date_month.nil? }

  soft_validate(:sv_minimally_check_for_a_label)
  soft_validate(:sv_georeference_matches_verbatim, set: :georeference)

  # @param [String]
  def verbatim_label=(value)
    write_attribute(:verbatim_label, value)
    write_attribute(:md5_of_verbatim_label, Utilities::Strings.generate_md5(value))
  end

  scope :used_recently, -> { joins(:collection_objects).includes(:collection_objects).where(collection_objects: { created_at: 1.weeks.ago..Time.now } ).order('"collection_objects"."created_at" DESC') }
  scope :used_in_project, -> (project_id) { joins(:collection_objects).where( collection_objects: { project_id: project_id } ) }

  class << self

    #
    # Scopes
    #

    def select_optimized(user_id, project_id)
      h = {
        recent: (CollectingEvent.used_in_project(project_id)
          .where(collection_objects: {updated_by_id: user_id})
          .used_recently
          .distinct
          .limit(5)
          .order(:cached)
          .to_a +
        CollectingEvent.where(project_id: project_id, updated_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now).limit(5).to_a).uniq,
        pinboard: CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a
      }

      h[:quick] = (CollectingEvent.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.pinned_in_project(project_id).to_a  +
          h[:recent]).uniq
      h
    end

    # @param [GeographicItem] geographic_item
    # @return [Scope]
    # TODO: use joins(:geographic_items).where(containing scope), simplied to
    def contained_within(geographic_item)
      CollectingEvent.joins(:geographic_items).where(GeographicItem.contained_by_where_sql(geographic_item.id))
    end

    # @param [CollectingEvent Scope] collecting_events
    # @return [Scope] without self (if included)
    # TODO: DRY, use general form of this
    def not_including(collecting_events)
      where.not(id: collecting_events)
    end

    #
    # Other
    #

    # @param [String] search_start_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] search_end_date string in form 'yyyy/mm/dd'
    # @param [String] partial_overlap 'on' or 'off'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting events
    # TODO: remove all of this for direct call to Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter
    def in_date_range(search_start_date: nil, search_end_date: nil, partial_overlap: 'on')
      allow_partial = (partial_overlap.downcase == 'off' ? false : true)
      q = Queries::CollectingEvent::Filter.new(start_date: search_start_date, end_date: search_end_date, partial_overlap_dates: allow_partial)
      where(q.between_date_range.to_sql).distinct # TODO: uniq should likely not be here
    end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params in the style Rails of 'params'
    # @return [Scope] of selected collecting_events
    # TODO: deprecate for lib/queries/collecting_event
    def filter_by(params)
      sql_string = ''
      unless params.blank? # not strictly necessary, but handy for debugging
        sql_string = Utilities::Dates.date_sql_from_params(params)

        # processing text data
        v_locality_fragment = params['verbatim_locality_text']
        any_label_fragment  = params['any_label_text']
        id_fragment = params['identifier_text']

        prefix = ''
        unless v_locality_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = ' and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }verbatim_locality ilike '%#{v_locality_fragment}%'"
        end
        prefix = ''
        unless any_label_fragment.blank?
          unless sql_string.blank?
            prefix = 'and '
          end
          sql_string += "#{ prefix }(verbatim_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or print_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += " or document_label ilike '%#{any_label_fragment}%'"
          sql_string += ')'
        end

        unless id_fragment.blank?
          # @todo this still needs to be dealt with
        end

      end
      # find the records
      if sql_string.blank?
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.none
      else
        collecting_events = CollectingEvent.where(sql_string).distinct
      end

      collecting_events
    end
  end # end Class methods

  # @param [String] lat
  # @param [String] long
  # @param [String] piece
  # @param [Integer] project_id
  # @param [Boolean] include_values true if to include records whicgh already have verbatim lat/longs
  # @return [Scope] of matching collecting events
  #   TODO: deprecate
  def similar_lat_longs(lat, long, project_id, piece = '', include_values = true)
    sql = '('
    sql += "verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(lat)}%'" unless lat.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(long)}%'" unless long.blank?
    sql += " or verbatim_label LIKE '%#{::Utilities::Strings.escape_single_quote(piece)}%'" unless piece.blank?
    sql += ')'
    sql += ' and (verbatim_latitude is null or verbatim_longitude is null)' unless include_values

    retval = CollectingEvent.where(sql)
      .with_project_id(project_id)
      .order(:id)
      .where.not(id: id).distinct
    retval
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_data?
    CollectingEvent.data_attributes.each do |a|
      return true unless self.send(a).blank?
    end
    return true if georeferences.any?
    false
  end

  def has_some_date?
    !verbatim_date.blank? || some_start_date? || some_end_date?
  end

  def has_collectors?
    !verbatim_collectors.blank? || collectors.any?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_start_date?
    !start_date_day.blank? && !start_date_month.blank? && !start_date_year.blank?
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  #   has a fully defined date
  def has_end_date?
    !end_date_day.blank? && !end_date_month.blank? && !end_date_year.blank?
  end

  def some_start_date?
    [start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  def some_end_date?
    [end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year].compact.any?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def start_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(start_date_year, start_date_month, start_date_day) if some_start_date?
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   an umabigously formatted string with missing parts indicated by ??
  def end_date_string
    Utilities::Dates.from_parts(end_date_year, end_date_month, end_date_day) if some_end_date?
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def end_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(end_date_day, end_date_month, end_date_year)
  end

  # @return [Time]
  #   This is for the purposes of computation, not display!
  def start_date
    Utilities::Dates.nomenclature_date(start_date_day, start_date_month, start_date_year)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_start
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_start_hour, time_start_minute, time_start_second)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   like 00, 00:00, or 00:00:00
  def time_end
    Utilities::Dates.format_to_hours_minutes_seconds(time_end_hour, time_end_minute, time_end_second)
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   time_start and end if provided
  def time_range
    [time_start, time_end].compact
  end

  # @return [Array]
  #   date_start and end if provided
  def date_range
    [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact
  end

  # CollectingEvent.select {|d| !(d.verbatim_latitude.nil? || d.verbatim_longitude.nil?)}
  # .select {|ce| ce.georeferences.empty?}
  # @param [Boolean] reference_self
  # @param [Boolean] no_cached
  # @return [Georeference::VerbatimData, false]
  #   generates (creates) a Georeference::VerbatimReference from verbatim_latitude and verbatim_longitude values
  def generate_verbatim_data_georeference(reference_self = false, no_cached: false)
    return false if (verbatim_latitude.nil? || verbatim_longitude.nil?)
    begin
      CollectingEvent.transaction do
        vg_attributes = {collecting_event_id: id.to_s, no_cached: no_cached}
        vg_attributes.merge!(by: creator.id, project_id: project_id) if reference_self
        a = Georeference::VerbatimData.new(vg_attributes)
        if a.valid?
          a.save
        end
        return a
      end
    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid # TODO: rescue only something!!
      raise
    end
    false
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #    a GeographicItem instance representing a translation of the verbatim values, not saved
  def build_verbatim_geographic_item
    if self.verbatim_latitude && self.verbatim_longitude && !self.new_record?
      local_latitude  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude)
      local_longitude = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude)
      elev            = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation).to_f
      point           = Gis::FACTORY.point(local_latitude, local_longitude, elev)
      GeographicItem.new(point: point)
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  # @return [Integer]
  # @todo figure out how to convert verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty in different units (ft, m, km, mi) into meters
  # @TODO: See Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(String)
  def get_error_radius
    return nil if verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.blank?
    return verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty.to_i if is.number?(verbatim_geolocation_uncertainty)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  #   all geographic_items associated with this collecting_event through georeferences only
  def all_geographic_items
    GeographicItem.
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g2 ON geographic_items.id = g2.error_geographic_item_id').
      joins('LEFT JOIN georeferences g1 ON geographic_items.id = g1.geographic_item_id').
      where(['(g1.collecting_event_id = ? OR g2.collecting_event_id = ?) AND (g1.geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL OR g2.error_geographic_item_id IS NOT NULL)', self.id, self.id])
  end

  # @return [GeographicItem, nil]
  #  returns the geographic_item corresponding to the geographic area, if provided
  def geographic_area_default_geographic_item
    try(:geographic_area).try(:default_geographic_item)
  end

  # @param [GeographicItem]
  # @return [String]
  #   see how far away we are from another gi
  def distance_to(geographic_item_id)
    GeographicItem.distance_between(preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id, geographic_item_id)
  end

  # @param [Double] distance in meters
  # @return [Scope]
  def collecting_events_within_radius_of(distance)
    return CollectingEvent.none if !preferred_georeference
    geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.geographic_item_id
    # geographic_item_id = preferred_georeference.try(:geographic_item_id)
    # geographic_item_id = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: id).first.geographic_item_id if geographic_item_id.nil?
    CollectingEvent.not_self(self)
      .joins(:geographic_items)
      .where(GeographicItem.within_radius_of_item_sql(geographic_item_id, distance))
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find all (other) CEs which have GIs or EGIs (through georeferences) which intersect self
  def collecting_events_intersecting_with
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.intersecting('any', self.geographic_items.first).distinct
    gr     = [] # all collecting events for a geographic_item

    pieces.each { |o|
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      gr.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo change 'id in (?)' to some other sql construct
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: gr.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # @return [Scope]
  # Find other CEs that have GRs whose GIs or EGIs are contained in the EGI

  def collecting_events_contained_in_error
    # find all the GIs and EGIs associated with CEs
    # TODO: this will be impossibly slow in present form
    pieces = GeographicItem.with_collecting_event_through_georeferences.to_a

    me = self.error_geographic_items.first.geo_object
    gi = []
    # collect all the GIs which are within the EGI
    pieces.each { |o|
      gi.push(o) if o.geo_object.within?(me)
    }
    # collect all the CEs which refer to these GIs
    ce = []
    gi.each { |o|
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeferences.to_a)
      ce.push(o.collecting_events_through_georeference_error_geographic_item.to_a)
    }

    # @todo Directly map this
    pieces = CollectingEvent.where(id: ce.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
    pieces.not_including(self)
  end

  # DEPRECATED for shared code
  # @param [String, String, Integer]
  # @return [Scope]
  def nearest_by_levenshtein(compared_string = nil, column = 'verbatim_locality', limit = 10)
    return CollectingEvent.none if compared_string.nil?
    order_str = CollectingEvent.send(:sanitize_sql_for_conditions, ["levenshtein(collecting_events.#{column}, ?)", compared_string])
    CollectingEvent.where('id <> ?', id.to_s).
      order(Arel.sql(order_str)).
      limit(limit)
  end

  # @param [String]
  #   one or more names from GeographicAreaType
  # @return [Hash]
  #    (
  #    {'name' => [GAs]}
  #   or
  #   [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}]
  #   )
  #     one hash, consisting of a country name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #     an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #     which are country_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @todo this needs more work, possibily direct AREL table manipulation.
  def name_hash(types)
    retval  = {}
    gi_list = containing_geographic_items

    # there are a few ways we can end up with no GIs
    # unless gi_list.nil? # no references GeographicAreas or Georeferences at all, or
    unless gi_list.empty? # no available GeographicItems to test
      # map the resulting GIs to their corresponding GAs
      # pieces  = GeographicItem.where(id: gi_list.flatten.map(&:id).uniq)
      # pieces = gi_list
      ga_list = GeographicArea.joins(:geographic_area_type, :geographic_areas_geographic_items).
        where(geographic_area_types: {name: types},
              geographic_areas_geographic_items: {geographic_item_id: gi_list}).distinct

      # WAS: now find all of the GAs which have the same names as the ones we collected.

      # map the names to an array of results
      ga_list.each { |i|
        retval[i.name] ||= [] # if we haven't come across this name yet, set it to point to a blank array
        retval[i.name].push i # we now have at least a blank array, push the result into it
      }
    end
    # end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #   classifies this collecting event into country, state, county categories
  def geographic_name_classification
    # if names are stored in the database, and the the geographic_area_id has not changed
    if has_cached_geographic_names? && !geographic_area_id_changed?
      return cached_geographic_name_classification
    else
      r = get_geographic_name_classification
      cache_geographic_names(r, true)
    end
  end

  def get_geographic_name_classification
    case geographic_name_classification_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      # quick
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.quick_geographic_name_hierarchy # almost never the case, UI not setup to do this
      # slow
      r = preferred_georeference.geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {} # therefor defaults to slow
    when :geographic_area_with_shape # geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification # do not round trip to the geographic_item, it just points back to the geographic area
      # slow
      r = geographic_area.default_geographic_item.inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy if r == {}
    when :geographic_area # elsif geographic_area
      # quick
      r = geographic_area.geographic_name_classification
    when :verbatim_map_center # elsif map_center
      # slowest
      r = GeographicItem.point_inferred_geographic_name_hierarchy(verbatim_map_center)
    end
    r ||= {}
    r
  end

  def has_cached_geographic_names?
    cached_geographic_name_classification != {}
  end

  def cached_geographic_name_classification
    h = {}
    h[:country] = cached_level0_geographic_name if cached_level0_geographic_name
    h[:state] = cached_level1_geographic_name if cached_level1_geographic_name
    h[:county] = cached_level2_geographic_name if cached_level2_geographic_name
    h
  end

  def cache_geographic_names(values = {}, tried = false)
    # prevent a second call to get if we've already tried through
    values = get_geographic_name_classification if values.empty? && !tried
    return {} if values.empty?
    update_columns(
      cached_level0_geographic_name: values[:country],
      cached_level1_geographic_name: values[:state],
      cached_level2_geographic_name: values[:county]
    )
    values
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   determines (prioritizes) the method to be used to decided the geographic name classification
  #   (string labels for country, state, county) for this collecting_event.
  def geographic_name_classification_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference
    return :geographic_area_with_shape if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center
    nil
  end

  # @return [Array of GeographicItems containing this target]
  #   GeographicItems are those that contain either the georeference or, if there are none,
  #   the geographic area
  def containing_geographic_items
    gi_list = []
    if self.georeferences.any?
      # gather all the GIs which contain this GI or EGI
      #
      #  Struck EGI, EGI must contain GI, therefor anything that contains EGI contains GI, threfor containing GI will always be the bigger set
      #   !! and there was no tests broken
      # GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_items.to_a).pluck(:id).uniq
      gi_list = GeographicItem.containing(*geographic_items.pluck(:id)).pluck(:id).uniq

    else
      # use geographic_area only if there are no GIs or EGIs
      unless self.geographic_area.nil?
        # unless self.geographic_area.geographic_items.empty?
        # we need to use the geographic_area directly
        gi_list = GeographicItem.are_contained_in_item('any_poly', self.geographic_area.geographic_items).pluck(:id).uniq
        # end
      end
    end
    gi_list
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  def countries_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTRY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a state name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are state_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def states_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::STATE_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # returns either:   ( {'name' => [GAs]} or [{'name' => [GAs]}, {'name' => [GAs]}])
  #   one hash, consisting of a county name paired with an array of the corresponding GAs, or
  #   an array of all of the hashes (name/GA pairs),
  #   which are county_level, and have GIs containing the (GI and/or EGI) of this CE
  # @return [Hash]
  def counties_hash
    name_hash(GeographicAreaType::COUNTY_LEVEL_TYPES)
  end

  # @param [Hash]
  # @return [String]
  def name_from_geopolitical_hash(name_hash)
    return nil if name_hash.keys.count == 0
    return name_hash.keys.first if name_hash.keys.count == 1
    most_key   = nil
    most_count = 0
    name_hash.keys.sort.each do |k| # alphabetically first (keys are unordered)
      if name_hash[k].size > most_count
        most_count = name_hash[k].size
        most_key   = k
      end
    end
    most_key
  end

  # @return [String]
  def country_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(countries_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_or_province_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(states_hash)
  end

  # @return [String]
  def state_name
    state_or_province_name
  end

  # @return [String]
  def county_or_equivalent_name
    name_from_geopolitical_hash(counties_hash)
  end

  alias county_name county_or_equivalent_name

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   prioritizes and identifies the source of the latitude/longitude values that
  #   will be calculated for DWCA and primary display
  def lat_long_source
    if preferred_georeference
      :georeference
    elsif verbatim_latitude && verbatim_longitude
      :verbatim
    elsif geographic_area && geographic_area.has_shape?
      :geographic_area
    else
      nil
    end
  end

=begin

# @todo @mjy: please fill in any other paths you can think of for the acquisition of information for the seven below listed items
  ce.georeference.geographic_item.centroid
  ce.georeference.error_geographic_item.centroid
  ce.verbatim_georeference
  ce.preferred_georeference
  ce.georeference.first
  ce.verbatim_lat/ee.verbatim_lng
  ce.verbatim_locality
  ce.geographic_area.geographic_item.centroid

  There are a number of items we can try to get data for to complete the geolocate parameter string:

  'country' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.country_name

  'state' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.state_or_province_name

  'county' can come from:
    GeographicArea through ce.county_or_equivalent_name

  'locality' can come from:
    ce.verbatim_locality

  'Latitude', 'Longitude' can come from:
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicItem through ce.georeferences.error_geographic_item.centroid
    GeographicArea through ce.geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus

  'Placename' can come from:
    ? Copy of 'locality'
=end

  # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
  # @return [Hash]
  #   parameters from collecting event that are of use to geolocate
  def geolocate_attributes
    parameters = {
      'country'   => country_name,
      'state'     => state_or_province_name,
      'county'    => county_or_equivalent_name,
      'locality'  => verbatim_locality,
      'Placename' => verbatim_locality,
    }

    focus = case lat_long_source
            when :georeference
              preferred_georeference.geographic_item
            when :geographic_area
              geographic_area.geographic_area_map_focus
            else
              nil
            end

    parameters.merge!(
      'Longitude' => focus.point.x,
      'Latitude'  => focus.point.y
    ) unless focus.nil?
    parameters
  end

  def latitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:y)
  end

  def longitude
    verbatim_map_center.try(:x)
  end

  # @return [Hash]
  #    a complete set of params necessary to form a request string
  def geolocate_ui_params
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_hash
  end

  # @return [String]
  def geolocate_ui_params_string
    Georeference::GeoLocate::RequestUI.new(geolocate_attributes).request_params_string
  end

  # @return [GeoJSON::Feature]
  #   the first geographic item of the first georeference on this collecting event
  def to_geo_json_feature
    # !! avoid loading the whole geographic item, just grab the bits we need:
    # self.georeferences(true)  # do this to
    to_simple_json_feature.merge({
                                   'properties' => {
                                     'collecting_event' => {
                                       'id'  => self.id,
                                       'tag' => "Collecting event #{self.id}."
                                     }
                                   }
                                 })
  end

  # TODO: parametrize to include gazeteer
  #   i.e. geographic_areas_geogrpahic_items.where( gaz = 'some string')
  def to_simple_json_feature
    base = {
      'type'       => 'Feature',
      'properties' => {}
    }

    if geographic_items.any?
      geo_item_id      = geographic_items.select(:id).first.id
      query = "ST_AsGeoJSON(#{GeographicItem::GEOMETRY_SQL.to_sql}::geometry) geo_json"
      base['geometry'] = JSON.parse(GeographicItem.select(query).find(geo_item_id).geo_json)
    end
    base
  end

  # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   return the next collecting event without a georeference in this collecting events project sort order
  #   1.  verbatim_locality
  #   2.  geography_id
  #   3.  start_date_year
  #   4.  updated_on
  #   5.  id
  def next_without_georeference
    CollectingEvent.not_including(self).
      includes(:georeferences).
      where(project_id: self.project_id, georeferences: {collecting_event_id: nil}).
      order(:verbatim_locality, :geographic_area_id, :start_date_year, :updated_at, :id).
      first
  end

  # @param [Float] delta_z, will be used to fill in the z coordinate of the point
  # @return [RGeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  #   for the *verbatim* latitude/longitude only
  def verbatim_map_center(delta_z = 0.0)
    retval = nil
    unless verbatim_latitude.blank? or verbatim_longitude.blank?
      lat  = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_latitude.to_s)
      long = Utilities::Geo.degrees_minutes_seconds_to_decimal_degrees(verbatim_longitude.to_s)
      elev = Utilities::Geo.distance_in_meters(verbatim_elevation.to_s).to_f
      delta_z = elev unless elev == 0.0 # Meh, BAD! must be nil
      retval  = Gis::FACTORY.point(long, lat, delta_z)
    end
    retval
  end

  # @return [Symbol, nil]
  #   the name of the method that will return an Rgeo object that represent
  #   the "preferred" centroid for this collecting event
  def map_center_method
    return :preferred_georeference if preferred_georeference # => { georeferenceProtocol => ?  }
    return :verbatim_map_center if verbatim_map_center # => { }
    return :geographic_area if geographic_area.try(:has_shape?)
    nil
  end

  # @return [Rgeo::Geographic::ProjectedPointImpl, nil]
  def map_center
    case map_center_method
    when :preferred_georeference
      preferred_georeference.geographic_item.centroid
    when :verbatim_map_center
      verbatim_map_center
    when :geographic_area
      geographic_area.default_geographic_item.geo_object.centroid
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  def names
    geographic_area.nil? ? [] : geographic_area.self_and_ancestors.where("name != 'Earth'").collect { |ga| ga.name }
  end

  def georeference_latitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].latitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  def georeference_longitude
    retval = 0.0
    if georeferences.count > 0
      retval = Georeference.where(collecting_event_id: self.id).order(:position).limit(1)[0].longitude.to_f
    end
    retval.round(6)
  end

  # @return [String]
  #   coordinates for centering a Google map
  def verbatim_center_coordinates
    if self.verbatim_latitude.blank? || self.verbatim_longitude.blank?
      'POINT (0.0 0.0 0.0)'
    else
      self.verbatim_map_center.to_s
    end
  end

  def level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  def level1_name
    return cached_level1_name if cached_level1_name
    cache_geographic_names[:state]
  end

  def level2_name
    return cached_level2_name if cached_level2_name
    cache_geographic_names[:county]
  end

  def cached_level0_name
    return cached_level0_name if cached_level0_name
    cache_geographic_names[:country]
  end

  # @return [CollectingEvent]
  #   the instance may not be valid!
  def clone
    a = dup
    a.verbatim_label = [verbatim_label, "[CLONED FROM #{id}", "at #{Time.now}]"].compact.join(' ')

    roles.each do |r|
      a.collector_roles.build(person: r.person, position: r.position)
    end

    if georeferences.load.any?
      not_georeference_attributes = %w{created_at updated_at project_id updated_by_id created_by_id collecting_event_id id position}
      georeferences.each do |g|
        c = g.dup.attributes.select{|c| !not_georeference_attributes.include?(c) }
        a.georeferences.build(c)
      end
    end

    a.save
    a
  end

  # @return [String, nil]
  #   a string used in DWC reportedBy and ultimately label generation
  #   TODO: include initials when we find out a clean way of producing them
  # yes, it's a Helper
  def collector_names
    [Utilities::Strings.authorship_sentence(collectors.collect{|a| a.last_name}), verbatim_collectors].compact.first
  end

  protected

  def set_cached
    v = [verbatim_label, print_label, document_label].compact.first
    if v
      string = v
    else
      name = cached_geographic_name_classification.values.join(': ')
      date = [start_date_string, end_date_string].compact.join('-')
      place_date = [verbatim_locality, date].compact.join(', ')
      string = [name, place_date,

Class: CollectingEvent

Overview

Constant Summary collapse

Constants included from SoftValidation

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from SoftValidation

Methods included from Shared::IsData

Methods included from Shared::Documentation

Methods included from Shared::Confidences

Methods included from Shared::Labels

Methods included from Shared::Depictions

Methods included from Shared::Tags

Methods included from Shared::Notes

Methods included from Shared::Identifiers

Methods included from Shared::HasRoles

Methods included from Shared::DataAttributes

Methods included from Shared::Citations

Methods included from Housekeeping

Methods inherited from ApplicationRecord

Instance Attribute Details

#cached ⇒ String

#cached_level0_geographic_name ⇒ String?

#cached_level1_geographic_name ⇒ String?

#cached_level2_geographic_name ⇒ String?

#document_label ⇒ String

#cached ⇒ `String`

#cached_level0_geographic_name ⇒ `String`^?

#cached_level1_geographic_name ⇒ `String`^?

#cached_level2_geographic_name ⇒ `String`^?

#document_label ⇒ `String`